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第一作者:Chao Bian
第一单位:美国罗格斯大学
通讯作者:Juan Dong
Abstract
背景回顾:Stomatal guard cells control gas exchange that allows plant photosynthesis but limits water loss from plants to the environment. In Arabidopsis, stomatal development is mainly controlled by a signaling pathway comprising peptide ligands, membrane receptors, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, and a set of transcription factors. The initiation of the stomatal lineage requires the activity of the bHLH transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH) with its partners.
提出问题:Multiple kinases were found to regulate SPCH protein stability and function through phosphorylation, yet no antagonistic protein phosphatase activities have been identified. 主要发现:Here, we identify the conserved PP2A phosphatases as positive regulators of Arabidopsis stomatal development. 结果:We show that mutations in genes encoding PP2A subunits result in lowered stomatal production in Arabidopsis. Genetic analyses place the PP2A function upstream of SPCH. Pharmacological treatments support a role for PP2A in promoting SPCH protein stability. We further find that SPCH directly binds to the PP2A-A subunits in vitro. In plants, nonphosphorylatable SPCH proteins are less affected by PP2A activity levels. 结论:Thus, our research suggests that PP2A may function to regulate the phosphorylation status of the master transcription factor SPCH in stomatal development.
摘 要
植物的气孔保卫细胞控制气体交换,保证光合作用的顺利进行,同时防止水分的丢失。在拟南芥中,气孔的发育主要是由一个包括多肽配体、膜受体、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶MAPK级联以及一系列的转录因子构成的信号通路所控制的。气孔细胞系的起始需要bHLH转录因子SPEECHLESS及其伴侣的激活。目前已经发现了多个激酶能够通过磷酸化调控SPCH蛋白的稳定性和功能,但尚未发现拮抗蛋白磷酸酶。本文中,作者鉴定了保守的PP2A磷酸酶作为拟南芥气孔发育的正向调控因子发挥作用。研究显示,拟南芥中PP2A亚基编码基因的突变会导致气孔变少。遗传试验显示PP2A蛋白在SPCH的上游发挥作用。药理学处理显示PP2A能够促进PP2A蛋白的稳定性。作者进一步发现SPCH能够在体外直接结合到PP2A-A亚基。在植物中,非磷酸化的SPCH蛋白受到PP2A活性水平的影响较小。因此,本文的研究揭示了PP2A可能通过影响气孔发育的主要调控转录因子SPCH的磷酸化状态而发挥功能。
通讯作者
**Juan Dong** 加州大学河滨分校,博士。 研究方向: 不对称细胞分裂机制。
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1912075117
Journal: PNAS
Published date: June 09, 2020
p.s. 往期植物气孔发育相关研究链接:
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