[资料，科普] 大气层顶部和海平面的太阳光谱 Solar Spectrum sea level

太阳辐射： solar radiation

太阳辐照度： solar irradiance

地表吸收太阳辐射： net surface solar radiation，NSSR

图1  The Solar Spectrum NASA solarspectrum.jpg

https://assets.science.nasa.gov/content/dam/science/psd/solar/2023/09/s/solarspectrum.jpg

图2  tsis-diagram_annotated.png

https://earth.gsfc.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/lab_climate/tsis-diagram_annotated.png

https://earth.gsfc.nasa.gov/climate/projects/solar-irradiance/science

Simulated spectral solar irradiance at the top of the atmosphere (ToA) and the Earth's surface. The different regions of the spectrum include: ultraviolet (UV), visible, near infrared (NIR), and shortwave infrared (SWIR). The range typically covered by SSI is indicated by the broken line at the top. The regions of spectrum where irradiance is absorbed by various atmospheric constituents are indicated, including: ozone (O3), oxygen (O2), water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4). Graphics by Luke Ellison.

模拟大气层顶部和地球表面的光谱太阳辐照度（ToA）。光谱的不同区域包括：紫外（UV）、可见光、近红外（NIR）和短波红外（SWIR）。SSI通常覆盖的范围由顶部的虚线表示。指示了各种大气成分吸收辐照度的光谱区域，包括：臭氧（O3）、氧气（O2）、水蒸气（H2O）、二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH4）。

图3  Solar_spectrum_en_v5.jpg

https://pace.oceansciences.org/images/Solar_spectrum_en_v5.jpg  

https://pace.oceansciences.org/atmos_light.htm

The spectrum of radiation from the sun that reaches the top of the Earth’s atmosphere (yellow) and at sea level (red). The difference between the two indicates the light that is absorbed by components of the atmosphere. Image from Wikipedia under the CC BY-SA 3.0. Minor edits were made to remove additional labels.

到达地球大气层顶部（黄色）和海平面（红色）的太阳辐射光谱。两者之间的差异表明了大气成分吸收的光。

图4  EarthAbsorptionEMSpectrum_AckermanKnox_050123_white_noIR.jpg

https://pace.oceansciences.org/images/EarthAbsorptionEMSpectrum_AckermanKnox_050123_white_noIR.jpg

图5  Solar-Spectrum-at-the-Top-of-the-Atmosphere-and-at-Sea-Level.png

https://electricala2z.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Solar-Spectrum-at-the-Top-of-the-Atmosphere-and-at-Sea-Level.png

Solar Spectrum at the Top of the Atmosphere and at Sea Level

大气层顶部和海平面的太阳光谱

图6  solar_radiation_spectrum.jpg

https://greensarawak.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/solar_radiation_spectrum.jpg

图7  clear-sky atmospheric transmission

https://ts1.tc.mm.bing.net/th/id/R-C.44233d15ac3216114dbcd653ffb9ace2?rik=UgxGq0kW9qQpLg&pid=ImgRaw&r=0

晴天的大气透射

参考资料：

[1] 科普中国，2021-12-31，太阳辐射

https://www.kepuchina.cn/article/articleinfo?business_type=100&classify=0&ar_id=335724

[2] 科普中国，2021-12-31，太阳辐射谱

https://www.kepuchina.cn/article/articleinfo?business_type=100&classify=0&ar_id=347813

[3] 科普中国，2021-12-31，净太阳辐射

https://www.kepuchina.cn/article/articleinfo?business_type=100&classify=0&ar_id=354317

[4] 科普中国，2021-12-31，太阳辐照度

https://www.kepuchina.cn/article/articleinfo?business_type=100&classify=0&ar_id=350579

[5] Solar Irradiance Data, NASA

https://earth.gsfc.nasa.gov/climate/projects/solar-irradiance/data

以前的《科学网》相关博文链接

[1] 2024-11-7 22:49，[图片，小资料] 大气窗口(大气射电窗口) atmospheric radio window

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1459081.html

[2] 2024-11-10 23:24，[转载] 地球大气层（Earth's Atmosphere）示意图

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1459442.html

[3] 2024-09-27 22:41，[杂谈，讨论] 人类的终极能源（1）：外太空的太阳能

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1452999.html

[4] 2023-09-20 22:55，[小资料] 我国近年风能、太阳能分布图

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1403262.html

[5] 2023-09-18 22:55，[小资料] 电力负荷的“鸭子曲线”（关联：太阳能发电）

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1403043.html

[6] 2021-05-17 20:06，[征集] 碳中和（carbon neutral）里太阳能的具体利用

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1286999.html

[7] 2023-09-19 20:15，[小资料] 2012年~2022年我国原油进口来源及对外依存度

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1403139.html

[8] 2024-11-6 22:49，[图片，小资料] 地球大气密度、温度随高度的变化

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1458901.html

[9] 2022-9-6 13:50，[求助，备课，答疑] 关于“能源”的一些名词

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1354217.html

[10] 2015-11-28 19:56，1880年1月以来陆地月温度的功率谱

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-939470.html

[11] 2022-01-07 14:37，[讨论] 夏天风速的功率谱特征：海洋、陆地（我国）

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1319963.html

[12] 2024-11-29 22:49，[小资料，科普] 地球的运动速度  （自转，太阳，银心，本星系群，穿越星际空间）

https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1462314.html

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