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《古植物学的故事》资料补充与更正(第11次)
---古植物学名师Walther Gothan (1879—1954)不是德国科学院院士
德国古植物学家W. Gothan (1879—1954)是20世纪上半叶国际古植物学界的著名学术领袖之一。W. Gothan是Henry Potonié(1857--1913)的学生。W. Gothan一生发表350多篇论著,培养了一批优秀古植物学家,包括中国古植物学家斯行健(1901---1964)。W. Gothan是一位承前启后的古植物学名师,对推动20世纪德国乃至世界古植物学的发展都有重要影响。
在以往的工作中,根据正式发表的文献我得知W. Gothan于1949年当选柏林科学院院士(German Academy of Sciences in Berlin)。但是,我误以为柏林科学院等同为德国科学院(German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina),进而错误地认为1949年W. Gothan当选为德国科学院院士。最近,我系统地梳理了德国科学院涉及古植物学研究的院士们基本情况,发现W. Gothan并不是德国科学院院士;德国有关同仁证实了我的判断。在此,我对以前工作中出现的错误要向读者们表示深深的歉意。
现在看来,柏林科学院与德国科学院根本不是一回事。柏林科学院成立于1946年,其沿革详见:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Academy_of_Sciences_at_Berlin
德国科学院的历史追溯到1652年成立的利奥波第那(Leopoldina)科学院(Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina),其发展历史详见:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Academy_of_Sciences_Leopoldina
致谢:作者感谢德国法兰克福森肯伯格自然历史博物馆Dieter Uhl博士以及德国科学院档案馆负责人的热情帮助。
孙启高
2012年6月9日
本期编目
《古植物学的故事》资料补充与更正(第11次)
[The 11th Addendum and erratum for the Story of Palaeobotany Series]
---古植物学名师Walther Gothan (1879—1954)不是德国科学院院士
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德国古植物学家W. Gothan简介:
Walther Gothan是Henry Potonié的学生。W. Gothan于1879年8月16日出生在德国Woldeck,他曾在Clausthal矿业学院和柏林矿业学院学习采矿和地质学,也曾在柏林矿业学院、柏林大学及Jena大学学习植物学。W. Gothan于1904年在Jena大学获得博士学位,其博士论文主要是研究化石及现代裸子植物的木材。1908年,W. Gothan获得柏林矿业学院煤资源与古植物学教职,同年担任位于柏林的普鲁士地质调查局(The Prussian Geological Survery in Berlin)古植物学部助理。
1913年Henry Potonié去世之后,W. Gothan开始在柏林矿业学院(Mining Academy of Berlin)和柏林技术大学(Technical University in Berlin)讲授古植物学。1927年,W. Gothan被柏林大学任命为古植物学名誉教授。1929年,他被普鲁士地质调查局任命为相当于政府雇员的地质学家(state geologist),1935年担任该局古植物学与煤研究部主任。1948年,W. Gothan从普鲁士地质调查局退休。然后,他到位于柏林的洪堡大学(Humboldt Univerisity)地质与古生物学系工作。
W. Gothan是20世纪上半叶国际古植物学的著名学术领袖之一,他用化石植物建立了晚古生代生物地层,培养了一批优秀古植物学家(包括中国的斯行健)。W. Gothan是一位多产的古植物学家,他一生发表350多篇论著。1933年,W. Gothan成为中央研究院的名誉研究人员和中国地质学会通讯会员。1949年W. Gothan当选为柏林科学院院士。他还是第七届(1950年,瑞典斯德哥尔摩)和第八届(1954年,法国巴黎)国际植物学大会名誉主席。
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相关链接:
古植物学的故事162期
360年以来德国科学院涉及古植物学研究的院士们
http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=225931&do=blog&quickforward=1&id=575639
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附件资料:
The German Academy of Sciences at Berlin
(柏林科学院)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Academy_of_Sciences_at_Berlin
The German Academy of Sciences at Berlin (Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin), later renamed Academy of Sciences of the German Democratic Republic (Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR) was the most important research institution of East Germany.
The academy was founded in 1946 by the Soviet Military Administration in Germany to continue the long tradition of the Prussian Academy of Sciences and the Brandenburg Society of Sciences, which had been founded in 1700 by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. To facilitate publishing, the Akademie Verlag was founded also in 1946. The 250th anniversary in 1950 was already boycotted by West Germans due to the influence of the socialist East German authorities, which mainly had East Germans elected to the academy in the decades to follow. It became the most important academy in the German Democratic Republic, and was accordingly renamed 'Academy of Sciences of the GDR' (Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR) in 1972, once the division of Germany was accepted as the state of affairs. In the 1980s, the AdW itself had over 200 members, including two dozen West Germans. It coordinated research at 59 institutes that employed 22,000 persons. Following the fall of the Berlin wall, academy members called for a reform of the academy, rejecting the leading role of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany.
On 27 June 1990, the new GDR government reorganized the academy, turning it into a public organisation. Until late 1991, the former AdW institutes were separated from the academy, evaluated, and either dissolved or assigned to different organisations, mainly the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Scientific Community. As the states of Berlin and Brandenburg considered a continuation of the academy as improper due to its role in the GDR, the academy, which had about 400 members, was disbanded and the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften ("Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities") was founded in 1993.
On 15 April 1993, 60 the former academy members created the private organisation Leibniz-Sozietät which claims to represent 300 years of continuous academic tradition. It has now over 300 members, of which most were elected since 1994.
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