过去一段时间，对日本理化学研究所STAP cell的讨论可谓热烈。虽然几个研究机构宣布无法重复这个实验的结果，但这一事件至今未有明确的学术结论，而这个事件的社会后果则要明确，惨痛的多：Sasai-san的自杀和目前宣布的研究所（RIKEN CDB）改制。

  上周，Sasai的博士后合作者Edward撰写了一篇Yoshiki Sasai的去世讣告，全面总结了Sasai-san的学术经历和贡献以及他追求科学卓越的不懈努力。特附上，以表敬意。后面我补了他发表的重要研究文章和综述，以供进一步查询。

http://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(14)01094-0

1-s2.0-S1534580714005528-main.pdf

1. Sasai, Y., Kageyama, R., Tagawa, Y.,Shigemoto, R. and Nakanishi, S.(1992) Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split. Genes and Development 12B, 2620-34.

2. Sasai Y., Lu, B., Steinbeisser H., Geissert D., Gont L. and De Robertis E. M. (1994) Xenopus chordin: a novel dorsalizing factor activated by organizer-specific homeobox genes. Cell 79, 779-790

3. Sasai, Y., Lu, B., Steinbeisser, H. and De Robertis, E.M. (1995) Regulation of neural induction by the chd and BMP-4 antagonistic patterning signals in Xenopus. Nature 376, 333-336

4. Piccolo, S., Sasai, Y., Lu, B., and De Robertis, E.M. (1996) Dorsoventral patterning in Xenopus: Inhibition of ventral signals by direct binding of Chordin to BMP-4. Cell 86, 589-598.

5. Mizuseki, K., Kishi, M., Matsui, M., Nakanishi, S. and Sasai, Y. (1998) Xenopus Zic-related-1 and Sox-2, two factors inducer by Chordin, have distinct activities in the initiation of neural induction. Development 125 , 579-587.

6. Mizuseki, K., Kishi, M., Shiota, K., Nakanishi, S. and Sasai, Y. (1998) Sox-D is an essential mediator for induction of anterior neural tissues in Xenopus embryos. Neuron 21, 77-85.

7. Sasai, N., Yakura, R,, Kamiya, D., Nakazawa, Y. and Sasai, Y. (2008) Ectodermal Factor Restricts Mesoderm Differentiation by Inhibiting p53. Cell 133, 878-890

8. Tsuda,H., Sasai, N., Matsuo-Takasaki, M, Sakuragi, M., Murakami, Y. and Sasai, Y. (2002)Dorsalization of the Neural Tube by Xenopus Tiarin, a Novel Patterning factor Secreted by the Flanking Non-Neural Head Ectoderm. Neuron 33,515-528.

9. Aramaki, T., Sasai, N., Yakura, R. and Sasai, Y. (2010) Jiraiya Attenuates BMP Signaling by Interfering with Type-II BMP Receptors in Neuroectodermal Patterning. Developmental Cell 19, 547-561

10. Onai, T., Sasai, N., Matsui, M. and Sasai, Y. (2004) Xenopus XsalF: Anterior Neuroectodermal Specification by Attenuating Cellular Responsiveness to Wnt Signaling. Dev. Cell 7, 95-106

11. Arakawa, A., Matsuo-Takasaki, M., Takai, A., Inomata, H., Matsumura, M., Ikeya, M., Takahashi, K., Miyachi, Y., Sasai, N. and Sasai,Y. (2007) The secreted EGF-Discoidin factor xDel1 is essential for dorsal development of the Xenopus embryo. Developmental Biology 306, 160-169

12. Takai, A., Inomata, H., Arakawa, A., Matsuo-Takasaki, M. and Sasai, Y. (2010) Anterior neural development requires Del1, a matrix-associated protein that attenuates canonical Wnt signaling via the Ror2 pathway. Development 137, 3293-3302

13. Sasai, N., Mizuseki, K. and Sasai, Y. (2001) Requirement of FoxD3-class Signaling for Neural Crest Determination in Xenopus. Development 128, 2525-2536

14. Sato, T., Sasai., N. and Sasai, Y. (2005) Neural Crest Determination by Co-activation of Pax3 and Zic1 Genes in Xenopus Ectoderm. Development 132, 2355-2363

15. Inomata, H., Haraguchi, T. and Sasai, Y. (2008) Robust Stability of the Embryonic Dorsal Axial Pattern Requires ONT1, a Secreted Scaffold for Chordin Degradation. Cell 134, 854-865.

16. Inomata H, Shibata T, Haraguchi T, Sasai Y. (2013) Scaling of dorsal-ventral patterning by embryo size-dependent degradation of Spemann's organizer signals. Cell 153, 1296-1311.

17. Kawasaki, H., Mizuseki, K. , Nishikawa, S., Kaneko, S., Kuwana, Y., Nakanishi, S., Nishikawa, S.-I. and Sasai, Y. (2000) Induction of midbrain dopaminergic neurons from ES cells by Stromal Cell-Derived Inducing Activity. Neuron 28, 31-40.

18. Kawasaki, H., Suemori, H., Mizuseki, K., Watanabe, K., Urano, F., Ichinose, H., Haruta, M., Takahashi, M., Yoshikawa, K., Nishikawa, S.i., Nakatsuji, N. and Sasai, Y. (2002) Generation of TH+ Dopaminergic Neurons and Pax6+ Pigment Epithelia from Primate ES cells by SDIA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 1580-1585

19. Mizuseki, K., Sakamoto, T., Watanabe, K., Muguruma, K., Ikeya, M., Nishiyama, A., Arakawa, A., Suemori, H., Nakatsuji, N., Kawasaki, H., Murakami, F. and Sasai, Y. (2003) Generation of Neural Crest-Derived PNS Neurons and Floor Plate Cells from Mouse and Primate ES Cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 5828-5833

20. Watanabe, K., Kamiya, D., Nishiyama, A., Katayama, T., Nozaki, S., Kawasaki, H., Mizuseki, K., Watanabe, Y., and Sasai, Y. (2005) Directed differentiation of telencephalic precursors from embryonic stem cells. Nature Neurosci. 8, 288-296

21. Ikeda, H., Watanabe, K., Mizuseki, K., Haraguchi, T., Miyoshi, H., Kamiya, D., Honda, Y., Sasai, N., Yoshimura, N., Takahashi, M. and Sasai, Y. (2005) Generation of Rx+/Pax6+ neural retinal precursors from embryonic stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 11331-11336

22. Muguruma, K., Nishiyama, A., Ono, Y., Miyawaki, H., Mizuhara, E., Hori, S., Kakizuka, A., Obata, K., Yanagawa, Y., Hirano, T. and Sasai, Y. (2010) Ontogeny-recapitulating generation and tissue integration of ES cell-derived cerebellar Purkinje cells. Nature Neurosci 13, 1171 - 1180

23. Wataya, T., Ando, S., Muguruma, K., Ikeda, H., Watanabe, K., Eiraku, M., Kawada, M., Takahashi, J., Hashimoto, N. and Sasai, Y. (2008) Minimization of Exogenous Signals in ES Cell Culture Induces Rostral Hypothalamic Differentiation. Proc Natl Acd Sci USA 105, 11796-11801.

24. Eiraku, M, Watanabe, K., Matsuo-Takasaki, M., Kawada, M., Yonemura, S., Matsumura, M., Wataya, T., Nishiyama, A., Muguruma, K. and Sasai, Y. (2008) Self-Organized Formation of Polarized Cortical Tissues from ES cells and its Active Manipulation by Extrinsic Signals. Cell Stem Cell 3, 519-532

25. Kadoshima T., Sakaguchi H., Nakano T., Soen M., Ando S., Eiraku M. and Sasai Y. (2013) Self-organization of axial polarity, inside-out layer pattern, and species-specific progenitor dynamics in human ES cell-derived neocortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 110, 20284-20289.

26. Eiraku, M., Takata, N., Ishibashi, H., Kawada, M., Sakakura, E., Okuda, S., Sekiguchi, K., Adachi, T. and Sasai, Y. (2011) Self-organizing optic-cup morphogenesis in three-dimensional culture.Nature 472, 51-56.

27. Nakano T., Ando S., Takata N., Kawada M., Muguruma K., Sekiguchi K., Saito K., Yonemura S., Eiraku M. and Sasai Y. (2012) Self-formation of optic cups and storable stratified neural retina from human ESCs. Cell Stem Cell 10, 771-785.

28. Suga, H., Kadoshima, T., Minaguchi, M., Ohgushi, M., Soen, M.,Nakano, T., Takata, N., Wataya, T., Muguruma, K., Miyoshi, H., Yonemura, S., Oiso, Y. & Sasai, Y. (2011) Self-formation of functional adeno-hypophysis in three-demensional culture. Nature 480, 57－62

29. Watanabe, K., Ueno, M., Kamiya, D., Nishiyama, A., Matsumura, M., Wataya, T., Takahashi, J.B., Nishikawa, S., Nishikawa, S.-i., Muguruma, K. and Sasai, Y. (2007) A ROCK inhibitor permits survival of dissociated human embryonic stem cells. Nature Biotechnology 25, 681 - 686

30. Ohgushi, M., Matsumura, M., Eiraku, M., Murakami, K., Aramaki, T., Nishiyama, A., Muguruma, K., Nakano, T., Suga, H., Ueno, M., Ishizaki, T., Suemori, H., Narumiya, S., Niwa, H. and Sasai, Y. (2010) Molecular Pathway and Cell State Responsible for Dissociation-Induced Apoptosis in Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 7, 225-239

31. Ueno, M., Matsumura, M., Watanabe, K., Nakamura, T., Osakada, F., Takahashi, M., Kawasaki, H., Kinoshita, S., and Sasai, Y. (2006) Neural Conversion of Embryonic Stem Cells by an Inductive Activity on Human Amniotic Membrane Matrix Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103, 9554-9559

32. Kamiya, D., Banno, S., Sasai, N., Watanabe, K., Kawada, M., Yakura, R., Jakt , L.M., Nishikawa, S. and Sasai. Y. (2011) Intrinsic transition of ES cell differentiation into neural progenitors. Nature470, 503-509

综述

1. Cytosystems dynamics in self-organization of tissue architecture. Sasai Y. Nature (2013) 493, 318-326

2. Next-generation regenerative medicine: organogenesis from stem cells in 3D culture. Sasai Y.Cell Stem Cell (2013) 12(5), 520-530

3. In vitro organogenesis in three dimensions: self-organizing stem cells. Sasai Y, Eiraku M, Suga H. Development (2012) 139, 4111-41121

4. Bridging the gap from frog research to human therapy: a tale of neural differentiation in Xenopus animal caps and human pluripotent cells. Sasai Y, Ogushi M, Nagase T, Ando S. Dev. Growth Differ. (2008) 50, S47-55

5. Identifying the missing links: genes that connect neural induction and primary neurogenesis in vertebrate embryos. Sasai Y. Neuron (1998) 21, 455-458

6. Ectodermal patterning in vertebrate embryos. Sasai Y, De Robertis EM. Dev. Biol. (1997) 182, 5-20