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在中国60年代曾经有过一次奇怪的治疗手段,就是打鸡血,从此中国文字中就多了一个词汇“打鸡血”,据说是一个国民党的军官透漏出的国民党上层使用的一种保健疗法。无论什么原因,当时就有那么多人打鸡血,就是把鸡血注射到人的肌肉中来治疗疾病。
不要考虑这个事情是否符合科学原则,但这样一个客观的大规模的人体试验是确定无疑的。那么我们能不能从这个历史事件中获得一些什么有科学价值的东西?
先明确几个事情,一、打鸡血这种治疗方法是违背科学原则的治疗技术。据说当时有许多医院开展这个项目,可以说对当时医生的职业水平或职业道德的一个巨大讽刺。二、打鸡血是一种危险的技术,据说有人因为这个而丧命。但是如果不经过严格的医学鉴定,不能说这个技术就一定能造成可丧命的危害。死亡的原因很多,估计当时打鸡血的人群数量巨大,死亡的可能原因很多,不能简单地把当时打鸡血死亡的原因都归因到打鸡血。三、打鸡血可能具有一定治疗作用,而且这种效应可能对某些疾病具有明显的效果。这里只能说是可能,首先,当时参与这项试验的人群数量很大,这是非常难得的(也非常可悲)。至少有一个词提示这种方法的效果很明显,你的精神那么好,好像打了鸡血,至少说明打了鸡血有一些正面反应。
最近我突然想到这个,找找文献,结果发现现在仍现代版打鸡血,不过是打自体血,治疗的疾病是一种局部肌腱损伤,资料中提示,这种技术是因为血液中有一种重要的因子:血小板源生长因子(PDGF),而这种因子具有促进损伤修复的作用。不过值得疑问的是,血液中的成分复杂,有利有害的因素很多,单用有利因素来解释犯了一种科学流行病:公说公,婆说婆。希望有继续的研究能回答这个“科学”问题。
本文无意鼓动大家来打鸡血,只是希望尝试从科学的角度分析一下这段历史。
Autologous blood injection
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Autologous Blood Injection (ABI), also known as Autologous Conditioned Plasma (ACP) Injection is a recent medical procedure whereby a patient's blood is injected into an area of the body for the purposes of healing. It is most commonly used to treat degeneration of tendons, which may occur in association with small tears. This disorder of tendons is frequently referred to as "tendinitis" by the public, however is known as tendinosis or tendinopathy in the medical profession. The procedure is usually performed under ultrasound control by a radiologist.[1] The injection of blood contains small cells called platelets, which contain platelet derived growth factor. This substance is thought to promote tendon healing. A variation on the technique is Platelet Rich Plasma(PRP),[2] which is where the whole blood removed from the patient is spun in a centrifuge, separating the cells of the blood. As such a higher concentration of platelets is delivered into the tissue for healing. As yet, there has been no study to demonstrate that a PRP injection is superior to ABI, with both techniques demonstrating improvement in 70-80% of patients.[3]
[edit] References
1. ^ Koulouris G, Connell D. (2006). "Imaging of hamstring injuries: therapeutic implications". Eur Radiol. 16 (7): 1478–87. doi:10.1007/s00330-005-0075-3. PMID 16514470.
2. ^ Mishra A, Woodall J Jr, Vieira A. (2009). "Treatment of tendon and muscle using platelet-rich plasma". Clin Sports Med. 28 (1): 113–25. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2008.08.007. PMID 19064169.
3. ^ Edwards SG, Calandruccio JH. (2003). "Autologous blood injections for refractory lateral epicondylitis". J Hand Surg [Am]. 28 (2): 272–8. doi:10.1053/jhsu.2003.50041. PMID 12671860.
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