下一步对宇宙再电离的观测计划主要集中在两个方面。首先,我们当然希望能够直接观测再电离时期的星系,尤其是贡献主要电离光子的矮星系,或者至少是其中比较亮的一些。未来的空间望远镜JWST(The James Webb Space Telescope)将在红外波段担负起这个重任。此外,目前国际上正在策划建造30米级的光学望远镜,包括美国的TMT,GMT,欧洲的ELT等,这些望远镜将具有很强的集光能力,通过挑选适当的大气透明窗口波段,将可以观测宇宙早期的星系。
今天世界上已建造的或是正在建造中的大型射电天线阵中,以宇宙再电离的21cm探测为主要科学目标的有:21CMA(21 Centimeter Array),GMRT(Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope),MWA(Murchison Wide-Field Array),LOFAR(Low Frequency Array)和PAPER(Precision Array to Probe Epoch of Reionization)。这些射电天线阵都将可以用来对再电离时期的宇宙进行21cm层析观测和21cm森林观测。其中21CMA是我国用于“宇宙第一缕曙光探测”的大型低频射电望远镜阵列,已于2006年在新疆天山深处落成,成为世界上最早投入观测运行的21cm探测阵列,目前处于收集数据及数据处理阶段。此外还有处于仪器设计阶段的SKA (Square Kilometer Array),这是未来更为强大的低频射电天线阵,它不仅可以进行前两种观测,还将最终实现21cm的成像观测。
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