2012-05-08

(Credit: http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/the-particle-emissions-dilemma)
黑颗粒：炭黑粒子

白颗粒：硫酸盐，硝酸盐，铵盐

黑颗粒吸光，增进大气变暖；白颗粒反射太阳光，部分抵消温室效应

不管白与黑，大气颗粒都对人体健康有害。

下面几段摘自Henning Rodhe 的文章， 总结了对黑白粒子的理性态度。

“Lowering the level of black particles in the atmosphere would benefit both human health and the climate. Measures aimed at accomplishing this could be particularly effective in countries where emission standards for diesel-fueled vehicles have not yet been introduced, and in countries, especially in Asia and Africa, where rural dwellings are heated by primitive stoves and food is prepared over open fires, causing large emissions of soot particles.”

“It is difficult to imagine that any country’s officials would knowingly submit their population to higher health risks by not acting to reduce white particles solely because they counteract global warming. On the contrary, sulfur emissions have been reduced over the last few decades in both Europe and North America, owing to a desire to promote health and counter acidification; and China, too, seems to be taking measures to reduce sulfur emissions and improve the country’s terrible air quality. But, in other parts of the world where industrialization is accelerating, sulfur emissions continue to increase.”

“One way out of the dilemma could be to allow higher sulfur emissions in sparsely populated areas where the soil is not vulnerable to acidification. Here, emissions from ship traffic on the open seas come to mind. However, this is probably not a viable alternative.”

更多阅读：

1． Henning Rodhe，The Particle-Emissions Dilemma
http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/the-particle-emissions-dilemma

2． 2012．5．07 南华早报转载文章

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