博文
《医学气体研究》杂志正式发行
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这是已经公布的首期内容，我对摘要进行了翻译，比较仓促，可能存在错误，原文意思请看英文和全文。http://www.medicalgasresearch.com/
该杂志经过2年多的准备，现在终于正式公开发行。这是第一期部分内容。全文可以免费下载，欢迎查阅，欢迎评论。http://www.medicalgasresearch.com/
Review
Oxygen/ozone as a medical gas mixture. A critical evaluation of the various methods clarifies positive and negative aspects.
Velio Bocci, Iacopo Zanardi and Valter Travagli
氧气/臭氧医用混合气体：正反两个方面的作用
Email: Velio Bocci bocci@unisi.it - Iacopo Zanardi zanardi2@unisi.it - Valter Travagli travagli@unisi.it
Medical Gas Research 2011, 1:6 doi:10.1186/2045-9912-1-6
Published: 28 April 2011
Abstract (provisional)
Besides oxygen, several other gases such as NO, CO, H2, H2S, Xe and O3 have come to age over the past few years. As to O3, its mechanisms of action in Medicine have been clarified during the last two decades so that now a comprehensive framework for understanding and recommending ozone therapy in various pathologies is available. O3 used within the determined therapeutic window is absolutely safe and more effective than golden standard medications in numerous pathologies, like vascular diseases. However, ozone therapy is mostly in practitioners' hands and some recent developments for increasing cheapness and speed of treatment are neither standardized, nor evaluated toxicologically. Hence, the aim of this paper is to emphasize the need to objectively criticize pros and cons of oxygen/ozone as a medical gas mixture in the hope that ozone therapy will be accepted by orthodox medicine in the near future.
氧气、NO, CO, H2, H2S, Xe 和 O3都属于重要生物气体。最近20年人们对O3的研究比较深入，并建议用于一些临床疾病的治疗。对一些疾病，例如血管性疾病，严格按照治疗时间窗，无论在安全性和有效性方面，O3都优越于一些金标准药物。但是，使用O3治疗疾病也存在许多问题，例如缺乏标准和毒性评价。本文的目的是对O3治疗疾病的正反两个方面的观点进行客观评价，以推动O3治疗在不久的将来可被医学界广泛接受。
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The complete article is available as a provisional PDF. The fully formatted PDF and HTML versions are in production. |
Research
RNA interference-mediated silencing of BACE and APP attenuates the isoflurane-induced caspase activation
Yuanlin Dong, Zhipeng Xu, Yiying Zhang, Sayre McAuliffe, Hui Wang, Xia Shen, Yun Yue and Zhongcong Xie
Email: Yuanlin Dong ydong@partners.org - Zhipeng Xu zxu1@partners.org - Yiying Zhang yzhang37@partners.org - Sayre McAuliffe smcauliffe@mghihp.edu - Hui Wang hwang26@partners.org - Xia Shen xshen2@partners.org - Yun Yue yueyun@hotmail.com - Zhongcong Xie zxie@partners.org
Medical Gas Research 2011, 1:5 doi:10.1186/2045-9912-1-5
Published: 28 April 2011
Background
Beta-Amyloid protein (Abeta) has been shown to potentiate the caspase-3 activation induced by the commonly used inhalation anesthetic isoflurane. However, it is unknown whether reduction in Abeta levels can attenuate the isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation. We therefore set out to determine the effects of RNA interference-mediated silencing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE) on the levels of Abeta and the isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation.
Methods
H4 human neuroglioma cells stably transfected to express full-length human APP (H4-APP cells) were treated with small interference RNAs (siRNAs) targeted at silencing BACE and APP for 48 hours. The cells were then treated with 2% isoflurane for six hours. The levels of BACE, APP, and caspase-3 were determined using Western blot analysis. Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the extracellular Abeta levels in the conditioned cell culture media.
Results
Here we show for the first time that treatment with BACE and APP siRNAs can decrease levels of BACE, full-length APP, and APP c-terminal fragments. Moreover, the treatment attenuates the Abeta levels and the isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation. These results further suggest a potential role of Abeta in the isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation such that the reduction in Abeta levels attenuates the isoflurane-induced caspase-3 activation.
Conclusion
These findings will lead to more studies which aim at illustrating the underlying mechanism by which isoflurane and other anesthetics may affect Alzheimer's disease neuropathogenesis.
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The complete article is available as a provisional PDF. The fully formatted PDF and HTML versions are in production. |
Hyperbaric Oxygen for Stroke Treatment
James Toole Medical Gas Research 2011, 1:4 (27 April 2011)
Emergent Role of Gasotransmitters in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Bridgette F Moody, John W Calvert Medical Gas Research 2011, 1:3 (27 April 2011)
气体递质在缺血再灌注损伤中作用
内源性脂溶性气体信号分子NO、CO和H2S被称为气体递质。过去几十年，气体递质在许多种组织细胞损伤模型中被发现属于细胞保护介质。特别它们在缺血再灌注损伤中，这些分子可以通过诱导血管扩张、抑制细胞凋亡、调节线粒体呼吸、抗氧化和抗炎症发挥保护作用。尽管在效应上类似，但具体机制存在很大不同，例如通过不同的酶系统发挥这些作用。另外，这些气体分子也存在相互作用，他们可以发挥协同作用。本文将讨论几种气体细胞保护模型和这些气体的细胞保护机制，并对他们之间的复杂相互作用进行简要分析。
Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are lipid-soluble, endogenously produced gaseous messenger molecules collectively known as gasotransmitters. Over the last several decades, gasotransmitters have emerged as potent cytoprotective mediators in various models of tissue and cellular injury. Specifically, when used at physiological levels, the exogenous and endogenous manipulation of these three gases has been shown to modulate ischemia/reperfusion injury by inducing a number of cytoprotective mechanisms including: induction of vasodilatation, inhibition of apoptosis, modulation of mitochondrial respiration, induction of antioxidants, and inhibition of inflammation. However, while the actions are similar, there are some differences in the mechanisms by which these gasotransmitters induce these effects and the regulatory actions of the enzyme systems can vary depending upon the gas being investigated. Furthermore, there does appear to be some crosstalk between the gases, which can provide synergistic effects and additional regulatory effects. This review article will discuss several models and mechanisms of gas-mediated cytoprotection, as well as provide a brief discussion on the complex interactions between the gasotransmitter systems.
Benoit Haelewyn, Laurent Chazalviel, Olivier Nicole, Myriam Lecocq, Jean-Jacques Risso, Jacques H Abraini Medical Gas Research 2011, 1:2 (27 April 2011)
Abstract | Provisional PDF | Editor’s summary
氧气对兴奋毒性损伤保护和缺血性损伤的促进作用。
背景：常压氧在急性缺血性中风中的价值仍存在争议。结果：本文首次证明常压氧对NMDA诱导的细胞游离钙离子内流具有抑制作用，并证明常压氧对NMDA诱导神经细胞损伤具有保护作用。但是常压氧对神经细胞缺氧缺糖损伤和脑缺血后梗死却有完全相反的作用。研究结果提示，氧气虽然对兴奋毒性损伤有保护作用，但对缺血性损伤具有促进作用，这说明氧气的效应存在复杂情况。（这个研究结果值得商榷。氧气的毒性是客观存在的，但对缺血性损伤应该具有保护作用，为什么会有现在的研究结果？）
BackgroundThe use and benefits of normobaric oxygen (NBO) in patients suffering acute ischemic stroke is still controversial.
ResultsHere we show for the first time to the best of our knowledge that NBO reduces both NMDA-induced calcium influxes in vitro and NMDA-induced neuronal degeneration in vivo, but increases oxygen and glucose-induced cell injury in vitro and ischemia-induced brain damage produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in vivo.
ConclusionsTaken together, these results indicate that NBO reduces excitotoxin-induced calcium influx and subsequent neuronal degeneration but favors ischemia-induced brain damage and neuronal death. These findings highlight the complexity of the mechanisms involved by the use of NBO in patients sufferingNormobaric hyperoxia (NBO) has shown potential benefits for acute ischemic stroke sufferers as revealed by reduced excitotoxin-induced cell injury, but treatment must be discontinued before reperfusion.
Welcome to Medical Gas Research
John H Zhang Medical Gas Research 2011, 1:1 (27 April 2011)
主编：《医学气体研究》欢迎你
医学（用？）气体是一个大家族，包括氧气、氢气（排第二）、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氮、氙、硫化氢、一氧化氮、二氧化硫、氩、氦和其他稀有气体（各类麻醉气体算不算？）。这些医学气体在临床和医学基础研究中都被广泛使用，临床医学如麻醉学、高压氧医学、潜水医学、内科学、急救医学、外科学。基础学科如生理学、药理学、生物化学、微生物学和神经科学。遗憾地是，目前国际上没有一个杂志专门报道关于医学气体的基础、转化和临床医学研究。因此，我特别向广大医学气体研究的学者和爱好者推荐这个将要正式发行的新的《医学气体研究》杂志。
Medical gas is a large family including oxygen, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, xenon, hydrogen sulfide, nitrous oxide, carbon disulfide, argon, helium and other noble gases. These medical gases are used in various disciplines of both clinical medicine and basic science research including anesthesiology, hyperbaric oxygen medicine, diving medicine, internal medicine, emergency medicine, surgery, and many basic science subjects such as physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, microbiology and neuroscience. Unfortunately, there is not even one journal dedicated to medical gas research at the basic, translational, or clinical sciences level; especially in the neurobiology or neuroscience fields let alone the other various medical fields. Therefore, I am thrilled to introduce this new journal named Medical Gas Research to you in this launching editorial.
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-41174-438259.html
上一篇：接受动物实验培训的几点体会
下一篇：氢气对大鼠代谢综合征的治疗作用（资料待补充）
