英国哲学家以赛亚·伯林（Isaiah Berlin）把人/学者分为刺猬型还是狐狸型学者两类，依据古希腊残诗“狐狸知道很多的事，但刺猬只知道一件大事（The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing）”。狐狸同时追求很多不同的事物，但刺猬却能把每个相关事物涵括为一个中心系统（fundamental  distinction that exists in mankind, between those who are fascinated by  the infinite variety of things (foxes) and those who relate everything  to a central all-embracing system (hedgehogs)）。

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