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第一作者:Nan Gu
第一单位:华中农业大学
通讯作者:Mitsuyasu Hasebe
Abstract
背景回顾:DNA damage can result from intrinsic cellular processes and from exposure to stressful environments. Such DNA damage generally threatens genome integrity and cell viability.
主要发现:However, here we report that the transient induction of DNA strand breaks (single-strand breaks, double-strand breaks or both) in the moss Physcomitrella patens can trigger the reprogramming of differentiated leaf cells into stem cells without cell death. 结果:After intact leafy shoots (gametophores) were exposed to zeocin, an inducer of DNA strand breaks, the STEM CELL-INDUCING FACTOR 1 (STEMIN1) promoter was activated in some leaf cells. These cells subsequently initiated tip growth and underwent asymmetric cell divisions to form chloronema apical stem cells, which are in an earlier phase of the life cycle than leaf cells and have the ability to form new gametophores. This DNA-strand-break-induced reprogramming required the DNA damage sensor ATR kinase, but not ATM kinase, together with STEMIN1 and closely related proteins. ATR was also indispensable for the induction of STEMIN1 by DNA strand breaks. 结论:Our findings indicate that DNA strand breaks, which are usually considered to pose a severe threat to cells, trigger cellular reprogramming towards stem cells via the activity of ATR and STEMINs.
摘 要
DNA损伤可能来自于体内的细胞层面或是来自于外界的胁迫环境。而这些DNA损伤通常会威胁基因组完整性以及细胞活力。然而,本文中作者报道了在小立碗藓中,瞬间诱导的DNA链断裂会在没有细胞死亡的情况下诱导已分化的叶片细胞重编程形成干细胞。当完整的叶状配子托暴露在DNA链断裂诱导剂Zeocin下时,在某些叶片细胞中干细胞诱导因子STEMIN1基因的启动子被激活。这些细胞会继续起始尖端生长,并且经历不对称细胞分裂形成绿丝体顶端干细胞,其是比叶细胞处于更早的生命周期阶段,并且具有形成新配子体的能力。这种DNA链断裂诱导的细胞重编程需要DNA损伤感知因子ATR激酶,而不是ATM激酶,与STEMIN1及其近缘蛋白一起发挥功能。另外,DNA链断裂诱导的STEMIN1基因表达需要ATR激酶。本文的研究揭示了对细胞生存造成严重威胁的DNA链断裂可以通过ATR激酶与STEMINs蛋白一起,诱导已分化的细胞进入重编程,形成新的干细胞。
通讯作者
**Mitsuyasu Hasebe** 个人简介: 1992年,东京大学,博士。 研究方向: 生物复杂性状演化的遗传基础。
doi: 10.1038/s41477-020-0745-9
Journal: Nature Plants
Published date: August 17, 2020
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