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科学研究规划及实践(1) - 讲座介绍 

程京德

    科学研究永远是人类社会进步中最最基本的推动力，永无可能被任何其它事物所替代。本系列讲座面向有志成为一名科学家的研究生及高年级本科生，介绍科学研究过程中的最基本事项，包括：科学与技术的异同、科研的目的、与导师相处、科研规划、科研方法论（以及科研中的逻辑）、科研实践、科研论文写作及发表、学位论文写作及答辩、科研伦理与诚信、科学评述与批评，等等。

讲座介绍

    2010年-2011年，笔者曾经利用学术休假在天津大学计算机学院（软件学院）做兼职教授，为本科生开设过《软件工程原理》及《软件工程形式化方法》课程，也为研究生和本科生们开设过学术讲座，其中之一是“Research and Writing for Computer Science and Software Engineering/Technology”，很受天大老师们和同学们的好评（似乎还吸引了隔壁南开的学生们来听）。后来，同样题目的讲座（或课程）也曾陆续为国防科技大学、东北大学、中南大学、北京交通大学等学校开设过。当时，有些老师建议应该把讲座内容归纳整理扩展为书籍，供青年教师和学生们参考。因为退休前工作太忙，所以从未认真计划过此事。

    现在笔者已经退休，主要工作就是写科普文章。近日想起，还有这件事需要做，于是打算先在微信公众号和科学网博客上开设个系列讲座，开了头，就要负责任地把事情做好，也算鞭策自己了结一桩任务。

    科学研究永远是人类社会进步的最最基本的推动力，永无可能被任何其它事物（比如被某些“专家”声称的、当下火爆的人工智能[微笑😊]）所替代。本系列讲座面向有志于成为科学家的研究生及高年级本科生，介绍科学研究过程中的最基本事项，包括：科学与技术的异同、科学研究的目的、与导师相处、科研规划、科研方法论（以及科研中的逻辑）、科研实践、科研论文写作及发表、学位论文写作及答辩、科研伦理与诚信、科学评述与批评，等等。

    对本系列讲座做一些说明如下：

    首先，科学研究从其在人类社会文化中地位的本质来说，离不开评价标准和制度，而评价标准和制度有时会与国际、国家、地域、组织的政治制度相关。本系列讲座仅基于一般世界公认的学术标准来论及评价标准和制度，绝不涉及任何政治。

    其次，笔者本人出身计算机科学专业，现役期间（及现在）曾经在相关逻辑、软件工程、知识工程、信息安全性工程等领域做过研究工作。尽管笔者计划让介绍内容尽可能地对各个专业方向的同学们都有参考价值，但是由于笔者本人专业背景所限，本系列讲座内容不可能做到覆盖所有专业，比如文科专业。笔者精选的主要参考文献也都是偏理工科的。

    再次，本系列讲座是介绍科学研究而非技术发明或工程开发（所以，会先说明科学是什么以及科学与技术的异同），故而可能对有志于做工程师的同学们来说参考价值不大。

    最后，笔者还在写其它系列科普文章，本系列的科普文章也不能向读者约定发表时间，但本人一定尽力而为。

主要参考文献 

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