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[转载]python Marker reference

已有 1477 次阅读 2022-1-21 11:39 |个人分类:Python|系统分类:科研笔记|文章来源:转载

refer to: https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/marker_reference.html#sphx-glr-gallery-lines-bars-and-markers-marker-reference-py

Matplotlib supports multiple categories of markers which are selected using the marker parameter of plot commands:

For a list of all markers see also the matplotlib.markers documentation.

For example usages seeMarker examples.

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom matplotlib.lines import Line2Dtext_style = dict(horizontalalignment='right', verticalalignment='center',
                  fontsize=12, fontfamily='monospace')marker_style = dict(linestyle=':', color='0.8', markersize=10,
                    markerfacecolor="tab:blue", markeredgecolor="tab:blue")def format_axes(ax):
    ax.margins(0.2)
    ax.set_axis_off()
    ax.invert_yaxis()def split_list(a_list):
    i_half = len(a_list) // 2
    return a_list[:i_half], a_list[i_half:]

Unfilled markers

Unfilled markers are single-colored.

fig, axs = plt.subplots(ncols=2)fig.suptitle('Un-filled markers', fontsize=14)# Filter out filled markers and marker settings that do nothing.unfilled_markers = [m for m, func in Line2D.markers.items()
                    if func != 'nothing' and m not in Line2D.filled_markers]for ax, markers in zip(axs, split_list(unfilled_markers)):
    for y, marker in enumerate(markers):
        ax.text(-0.5, y, repr(marker), **text_style)
        ax.plot([y] * 3, marker=marker, **marker_style)
    format_axes(ax)plt.show()

Filled markers

fig, axs = plt.subplots(ncols=2)fig.suptitle('Filled markers', fontsize=14)for ax, markers in zip(axs, split_list(Line2D.filled_markers)):
    for y, marker in enumerate(markers):
        ax.text(-0.5, y, repr(marker), **text_style)
        ax.plot([y] * 3, marker=marker, **marker_style)
    format_axes(ax)plt.show()

Marker fill styles

The edge color and fill color of filled markers can be specified separately. Additionally, the fillstyle can be configured to be unfilled, fully filled, or half-filled in various directions. The half-filled styles usemarkerfacecoloralt as secondary fill color.

fig, ax = plt.subplots()fig.suptitle('Marker fillstyle', fontsize=14)fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.4)filled_marker_style = dict(marker='o', linestyle=':', markersize=15,
                           color='darkgrey',
                           markerfacecolor='tab:blue',
                           markerfacecoloralt='lightsteelblue',
                           markeredgecolor='brown')for y, fill_style in enumerate(Line2D.fillStyles):
    ax.text(-0.5, y, repr(fill_style), **text_style)
    ax.plot([y] * 3, fillstyle=fill_style, **filled_marker_style)format_axes(ax)plt.show()

Markers created from TeX symbols

Use MathText, to use custom marker symbols, like e.g. "$\u266B$". For an overview over the STIX font symbols refer to the STIX font table. Also see the STIX Fonts.

fig, ax = plt.subplots()fig.suptitle('Mathtext markers', fontsize=14)fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.4)marker_style.update(markeredgecolor="none", markersize=15)markers = ["$1$", r"$\frac{1}{2}$", "$f$", "$\u266B$", r"$\mathcal{A}$"]for y, marker in enumerate(markers):
    # Escape dollars so that the text is written "as is", not as mathtext.
    ax.text(-0.5, y, repr(marker).replace("$", r"\$"), **text_style)
    ax.plot([y] * 3, marker=marker, **marker_style)format_axes(ax)plt.show()

Markers created from Paths

Any Path can be used as a marker. The following example shows two simple paths star and circle, and a more elaborate path of a circle with a cut-out star.

import matplotlib.path as mpathimport numpy as npstar = mpath.Path.unit_regular_star(6)circle = mpath.Path.unit_circle()# concatenate the circle with an internal cutout of the starcut_star = mpath.Path(
    vertices=np.concatenate([circle.vertices, star.vertices[::-1, ...]]),
    codes=np.concatenate([circle.codes, star.codes]))fig, ax = plt.subplots()fig.suptitle('Path markers', fontsize=14)fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.4)markers = {'star': star, 'circle': circle, 'cut_star': cut_star}for y, (name, marker) in enumerate(markers.items()):
    ax.text(-0.5, y, name, **text_style)
    ax.plot([y] * 3, marker=marker, **marker_style)format_axes(ax)plt.show()