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Unveiling Nitrogen Fertilizer in Medicinal Plant Cultivation
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Agronomy | Free Full-Text | Unveiling Nitrogen Fertilizer in Medicinal Plant Cultivation (mdpi.com)
Nitrogen fertilizer is the most frequently used fertilizer in the cultivation of medicinal plants, and has a significant contribution to their yields and quality. Yet, there is biased and excessive N application in medicinal crops. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the recommended N application concentrations for diverse medicinal species and disentangle the intricate relationships between soil fertility, N application rate (NAR), and the quality/yield of medicinal crops. We first characterized 179 medicinal species and 7 classes of phytometabolites therein, including terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolics, alkaloids, etc., reported during the past three decades from the phylogenetic and spatial perspectives. The relationships between soil fertility, NAR, and medicinal crops were then subjected to statistical analyses. The pharmacophylogenetic and geographic distributions of NAR suggest that the impact of ecological/environmental factors on the N demand of medicinal plants was much greater than that of genetic endowments. We found that different medicinal species were distinct in N demand, which is related to soil fertility levels in different production areas. The NAR reported by China, 215.6 ± 18.6 kg/ha, was higher than that of other countries (152.2 ± 20.3 kg/ha; p = 0.023). Moderate N application generally increases the yield and phytometabolite content of medicinal crops, but excessive N application has the opposite effect. It is necessary to plan N concentration and formula fertilization on a case-by-case basis and with reference to empirical research. Our results provide baseline information and references for the rational application of N fertilizer in the precision agriculture of medicinal crops.
Keywords:
nitrogen application rate; phytometabolite; medicinal plant; nitrogenome; quality
......Based on soil nitrogen studies [4,5,6], introducing the concept of the nitrogenome is beneficial; this refers to the sum of various forms of nitrogen, e.g., ammonium N and nitrate N, and the sum of all possible ways in which nitrogen-containing substances can be meaningfully associated with each other. There is no independent single nitrogen form; rather, there are two or more nitrogen forms and their relationships. Therefore, heterogeneity in the internal composition of the nitrogenome is emphasized. The plant nitrogenome refers to the nitrogen compositions of subcellular structures, plant cell, tissue, or organism, which are interconnected with soil nitrogenome via the activities of transport proteins and other mechanisms [7]. We hypothesize that N fertilization could partially determine the species-specific tissue and cellular nitro-genomes, thus impacting the growth and phytometabolite of the respective medicinal species. The current research addresses the N fertilization of bulk medicinal crops, addressing the related problems and presenting solutions for agricultural soils that can guarantee the supply chain of phytomedicines and optimize fertilizer applications for economic and environmental sustainability [8,9].......
Agronomy | Special Issue : Planting Production, Identification and Quality Control of Medicinally Agricultural Products (mdpi.com) 该专刊截止期延长至30 September 2024，欢迎赐稿，
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3431719-1444316.html
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