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Pups are born blind, deaf, and hairless.
Skin pigment develops at 3 days.
Ears develops at day 4.
Hair begins to develop at day 5.
Fully haired at day 7.
Ears open at day 9-10.
Eyes opens at day 12-14.
Wean at approximately 21 days.
Reproductive Biology
Six weeks to sexual maturity
4-5 day estrus cycle
19-21 day gestation peroid
Average litter size 6-8 pups
Wean at 21-28 days of age
Reproductive lifespan variable
Males
Start breeding at 8 weeks
Up to one year as breeders or studs
Retire at one year some strains (C57BL/6) fertility decreases at 10 months
Retire if infertile with young females
Rotational vs. same cage stable matings
Females
Start breeding at 7-8 weeks
Expect 2-8 litters
Retire at 6 months after set-up
Retire when litter size drops
Retire if no litters in two months
Hold for two weeks after retirement
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