元宵节期间,将发生月全食,可以看到的图象类似于下图:

http://www.mreclipse.com/Special/LEprimer.html

Why is the Moon Red During a Total Lunar Eclipse?

全蚀期间月亮变红色的原因如下(阳光穿越厚厚的地球大气层;假如没有大气层,月蚀期间,月亮是黑色的):

During a total lunar eclipse, the Earth blocks the Sun's light from reaching the Moon. Astronauts on the Moon would then see the Earth copletely eclipse the Sun. (They would see a bright red ring around the Earth as they watched all the sunrises and sunsets happening simultaneousely around the world!) While the Moon remains completely within Earth's umbral shadow, indirect sunlight still manages to reach and illuminate it. However, this sunlight must first pass deep through the Earth's atmosphere which filters out most of the blue colored light. The remaining light is a deep red or orange in color and is much dimmer than pure white sunlight. Earth's atmosphere also bends or refracts some of this light so that a small fraction of it can reach and illuminate the Moon.

The total phase of a lunar eclipse is so interesting and beautiful precisely because of the filtering and refracting effect of Earth's atmosphere. If the Earth had no atmosphere, then the Moon would be completely black during a total eclipse. Instead, the Moon can take on a range of colors from dark brown and red to bright orange and yellow. The exact appearance depends on how much dust and clouds are present in Earth's atmosphere. Total eclipses tend to be very dark after major volcanic eruptions since these events dump large amounts of volcanic ash into Earth's atmosphere. During the total lunar eclipse of December 1992, dust from Mount Pinatubo rendered the Moon nearly invisible.

All total eclipses start with a penumbral followed by a partial eclipse, and end with a partial followed by a penumbral eclipse (the total eclipse is sandwiched in the middle). The penumbral phases of the eclipse are quite difficult to see, even with a telescope. However, partial and total eclipses are easy to observe, even with the naked eye.

另外,近8年的月蚀时刻预测表如下:

Eclipses of the Moon: 2008 - 2015
Date	Eclipse Type	Umbral Magnitude	Eclipse Duration	Geographic Region of Eclipse Visibility
2008 Feb 21	Total	1.111	03h26m 00h51m	c Pacific, Americas, Europe, Africa
2008 Aug 16	Partial	0.813	03h09m	S. America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Aus.
2009 Feb 09	Penumbral	-0.083	-	e Europe, Asia, Aus., Pacific, w N.A.
2009 Jul 07	Penumbral	-0.909	-	Aus., Pacific, Americas
2009 Aug 06	Penumbral	-0.661	-	Americas, Europe, Africa, w Asia
2009 Dec 31	Partial	0.082	01h02m	Europe, Africa, Asia, Aus.
2010 Jun 26	Partial	0.542	02h44m	e Asia, Aus., Pacific, w Americas
2010 Dec 21	Total	1.262	03h29m 01h13m	e Asia, Aus., Pacific, Americas, Europe
2011 Jun 15	Total	1.705	03h40m 01h41m	S.America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Aus.
2011 Dec 10	Total	1.110	03h33m 00h52m	Europe, e Africa, Asia, Aus., Pacific, N.A.
2012 Jun 04	Partial	0.376	02h08m	Asia, Aus., Pacific, Americas
2012 Nov 28	Penumbral	-0.184	-	Europe, e Africa, Asia, Aus., Pacific, N.A.
2013 Apr 25	Partial	0.020	00h32m	Europe, Africa, Asia, Aus.
2013 May 25	Penumbral	-0.928	-	Americas, Africa
2013 Oct 18	Penumbral	-0.266	-	Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia
2014 Apr 15	Total	1.296	03h35m 01h19m	Aus., Pacific, Americas
2014 Oct 08	Total	1.172	03h20m 01h00m	Asia, Aus., Pacific, Americas
2015 Apr 04	Total	1.006	03h30m 00h12m	Asia, Aus., Pacific, Americas
2015 Sep 28	Total	1.282	03h21m 01h13m	e Pacific, Americas, Europe, Africa, w Asia

另外:

嫦娥一号安全飞行100天 元宵节迎来月食考验

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