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Elesclomol(STA-4783,AbMole,M2083)是一种线粒体靶向小分子化合物,核心机制在于作为铜离子载体(Cu²⁺ ionophore),与外源铜离子形成复合物(Elesclomol-Cu),将铜高效转运至线粒体基质,触发铜依赖性细胞死亡--铜死亡(Cuproptosis)。上述过程依赖于线粒体还原酶FDX1,导致脂酰化蛋白(如DLAT、DLST)异常聚集、线粒体呼吸链功能障碍、活性氧(ROS)爆发性累积及ATP耗竭;同时可协同诱导凋亡(表现为Caspase-3/9活化、细胞色素c释放)或铁死亡(如在结直肠癌模型中通过ATP7A降解,加剧化应激,诱导铁死亡)。
在细胞实验中,Elesclomol(STA-4783,AbMole,M2083)单用效果有限,常需联合铜源(如CuCl₂)[1]。Elesclomol(STA-4783)在KRAS突变人肺癌A549与Calu-1细胞中可抑制迁移并降低p-Erk水平[2];Elesclomol(STA-4783)还在结直肠癌HCT116、LoVo细胞及癌症干细胞模型中,联合CuCl₂ 处理后显著抑制克隆形成、降低铁硫簇蛋白并促进DLAT脂酰化累积;在肝癌HepG2/PLC/PRF/5细胞中,1–10 μM的 Elesclomol-Cu剂量依赖性抑制增殖,伴随FDX1上调与DLAT寡聚化,且可被铜螯合剂Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate(TTM)逆转。
动物实验方面,在裸鼠皮下移植A549异种移植模型中,Elesclomol与Genipin 联用显著抑制肿瘤生长(P=0.008);Elesclomol(CAS No.:488832-69-5)在C57BL/6小鼠胶质母细胞瘤原位模型中,联合Temozolomide(TMZ,NSC 362856) 增强抑瘤效果[3];在Menkes病模型(mottled-brindled小鼠)中,Elesclomol递送铜离子至脑线粒体,提升细胞色素c氧化酶水平并改善神经退行性表型[4]。
参考文献及鸣谢
[1] Yu, J.; Peng, Y.; Wang, K.; et al. The combination of elesclomol and Cu2+ can inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells by targeting FDX1. 2023.
[2] Albayrak, G.; Korkmaz, F. D.; Tozcu, D.; et al. The outcomes of an impaired powerhouse in KRAS mutant lung adenocarcinoma cells by Elesclomol. Journal of cellular biochemistry 2019, 120 (6), 10564-10571.
[3] Buccarelli, M.; D'Alessandris, Q. G.; Matarrese, P.; et al. Elesclomol-induced increase of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species impairs glioblastoma stem-like cell survival and tumor growth. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 2021, 40 (1), 228.
[4] Feng, Y.; Wu, J. J.; Sun, Z. L.; et al. Targeted apoptosis of myofibroblasts by elesclomol inhibits hypertrophic scar formation. EBioMedicine 2020, 54, 102715.
细胞实验参考
细胞系:AML cell
方法:Cells from each group were diluted to 5 × 104 cells/mL and 100 μL of cell suspension was added to a 96-well plate (control group: RPMI-1640 medium containing 40 nM Elesclomol (a copper ion inducer); experimental group: RPMI-1640 medium containing 40 nM Elesclomol and CuCl₂). The plate was pre-incubated in a cell culture incubator for 24 h (37 °C, 5% CO₂). Afterward, 10 μL of CCK-8 solution was added to each well, and the plate was incubated for an additional 2 h. Absorbance at 450 nm was measured using a microplate reader.
浓度:40 nM
处理时间:24 h.
参考文献:Discov Oncol. 2025 Jun 10;16(1):1044.
* 上述方法来自公开文献,仅供相同目的实验参考。如实验目的、材料、方法不同,请参考其他文献。
动物实验参考
动物模型:BALB/c nude mice
配制:PBS
剂量:10 mg/kg
给药处理:intraperitoneally administered
参考文献:Front Oncol. 2025 Jun 24;15:1584811.
* 上述方法来自公开文献,仅供相同目的实验参考。如实验目的、材料、方法不同,请参考其他文献。体内实验的工作液,建议现用现配,当天使用;如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象,可以通过超声和(或)加热的方式助溶。切勿一次性将产品全部溶解。建议制定动物给药及实验方案时,尽量参考已发表的相关实验文献(溶剂种类及配比众多,简单地溶解目的化合物,并不能解决动物给药依从性、体内生物利用度、组织分布等相关问题,未必能保证目的化合物在动物体内充分发挥生物学效用)。
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