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Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素,AbMole,M2053)是一种源自真菌的甾体代谢物,作为磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)家族的强效共价抑制剂,能不可逆地结合PI3K催化亚基。Wortmannin还能抑制同属PI3K家族的DNA依赖性蛋白激酶(DNA-PK)和共济失调毛细血管扩张症突变激酶(ATM)。在生物学活性上,Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素,AbMole,M2053)通过阻断PI3K/Akt信号通路的磷酸化级联反应,进而调控细胞增殖、迁移、凋亡、自噬及能量代谢等生物学过程;Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素)还能通过抑制DNA-PK和ATM,阻断DNA双链断裂(DSB)的非同源末端连接(NHEJ)修复途径,导致DNA损伤累积和基因组不稳定性增加,通过上述机制增强肿瘤细胞对放射或化学损伤的敏感性。
在细胞实验中,Wortmannin(CAS No.:19545-26-7)在小鼠来源的DNA-PK缺陷型细胞中,在20–50 μM的浓度范围内诱导了剂量依赖性的DNA双链断裂(DSBs)[1]。Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素)还在结直肠癌SW620、HCT-15及COLO320DM细胞系中,联合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)显著抑制迁移活性并诱导细胞凋亡[2]。在3T3-L1脂肪细胞胰岛素抵抗模型中,Wortmannin以2 nM的低浓度即可显著降低葡萄糖消耗及脂联素水平[3]。Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素)在小鼠肾脏缺血再灌注模型中以1.14 mg/kg的剂量有效抑制动物体内的PI3K信号通路,并影响了修复过程,为阐述缺血后的修复机制提供了重要线索[4]。Wortmannin(0.7 mg/kg)还在小鼠胰腺癌异种抑制模型中抑制了PKB/AKT通路,并增强了动物体内胰腺癌对Gemcitabine(吉西他滨; LY 188011) 的敏感性[5]。Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素)还能以1 mg/kg的剂量增敏小鼠肝癌细胞对放射的反应[6]。
范例详解
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Sep 23;12:749930.
AbMole的Wortmannin(渥曼青霉素,AbMole,M2053)在该文章中作为PI3K抑制剂,用于验证Carbamazepine(CBZ,NSC 169864)诱导血小板减少症的机制。实验结果表明,CBZ通过激活 PI3K/Akt/PDE3A信号通路,抑制PKA活性,从而诱导血小板凋亡和血小板减少症。而Wortmannin能部分逆转这种作用,进一步证实了PI3K/Akt/PDE3A信号通路是CBZ的关键靶点之一。这些结果为Carbamazepine诱导的血小板减少症的研究提供了新的思路和靶点。
图1. PI3K/Akt/PDE3A signaling pathway plays an essential role in CBZ-reduced PKA activity[7].
参考文献及鸣谢
[1] Ihara, M.; Shichijo, K.; Takeshita, S.; et al. Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, induces accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. Journal of radiation research 2020, 61 (2), 171-176.
[2] Bani, N.; Rahmani, F.; Shakour, N.; et al. Wortmannin Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry 2024, 24 (12), 916-927.
[3] Meng, Q.; Qi, X.; Chao, Y.; et al. IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway signal involved in the regulation of glycolipid metabolic abnormalities by Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf extracts in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Chinese medicine 2020, 15, 1.
[4] Zheng, X.; Xie, L.; Qin, J.; et al. Effects of wortmannin on phosphorylation of PDK1, GSK3-β, PTEN and expression of Skp2 mRNA after ischemia/reperfusion injury in the mouse kidney. 2008, 40 (1), 185-192.
[5] Ng, S. S.; Tsao, M.-S.; Nicklee, T.; et al. Wortmannin inhibits pkb/akt phosphorylation and promotes gemcitabine antitumor activity in orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenografts in immunodeficient mice. 2001, 7 (10), 3269-3275.
[6] Kim, W.; Seong, J.; An, J. H.; et al. Enhancement of tumor radioresponse by wortmannin in C3H/HeJ hepatocarcinoma. 2007, 48 (3), 187-195.
[7] Xiao, W.; Zhou, K.; Yang, M.; et al. Carbamazepine Induces Platelet Apoptosis and Thrombocytopenia Through Protein Kinase A. Frontiers in pharmacology 2021, 12, 749930.
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