小背景：Fonio millet (Digitaria exilis) is an orphan African cereal crop with a great potential for dryland agriculture.

主要研究：Here, we establish high-quality genomic resources to facilitate fonio improvement through molecular breeding.

结果1-参考基因组与重测序：These include a chromosome-scale reference assembly and deep re-sequencing of 183 cultivated and wild Digitaria accessions, enabling insights into genetic diversity, population structure, and domestication.

结果2-群体多态性：Fonio diversity is shaped by climatic, geographic, and ethnolinguistic factors.

结果3-选择：Two genes associated with seed size and shattering showed signatures of selection.

结果4-育种改良：Most known domestication genes from other cereal models however have not experienced strong selection in fonio, providing direct targets to rapidly improve this crop for agriculture in hot and dry environments.