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DA1 和SMO2 基因在玉米生长发育中的功能
DA1是控制种子器官大小的负调控因子,而且受ABA的诱导表达,其突变体的种子变大。SMO2 控制器官大小的正调控因子,突变体地上部变小,根系变短。这两个基因的发现和功能分析都是在拟南芥中进行的。目前,有关这两个基因功能的研究在单子叶植物中还未见报道。玉米作为我国最重要的粮食作物之一和典型的C4类模式植物,在农业生产和单子叶植物功能基因组学研究中具有重要地位。随着水土资源的日益紧张和粮食需求的日益增加,粮食安全问题日益突突。如何提高农作物的产量,是我国迫切需要解决的重大问题。从作物自身的遗传入手,解析影响产量形成的遗传因子及其作用分子机理,是进行农作物产量遗传改良的重要基础。本文拟从影响器官大小的基因DA1和SMO2入手,来研究这两个基因对玉米生长发育和产量的影响,为玉米产量的遗传改良提供候选目的基因。目前,我们已经通过生物信息学的方法解析得到玉米的这两个基因序列,为下一步基因克隆和研究它们的功能奠定了基础。
参考文献
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玉米脱水素基因在逆境应答中的功能研究
植物脱水素基因在逆境应答过程中具有重要功能。作者通过生物信息学解析得到一个新的玉米脱水素基因序列,位于4号染色体的BAC克隆AC203943.3中。序列分析表明,它与小麦的COR410同源,在基因上有调控序列中存在ABA、AUXIN、茉莉酸甲酯的应答元件,以及冷胁迫和干旱胁迫应答元件。本课题拟通过表达谱分析、等位变异分析和转基因研究,探讨这个脱水素基因在玉米逆境应答中的功能,为玉米的抗逆分子育种提供分子标记和候选目的基因。
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三个玉米SnRK2新基因的功能研究
植物SnRK2基因在ABA信号转导、干旱渗透胁迫、矿质营养吸收及生长发育过程中具有重要功能。作者通过生物信息学分析,发现了三个新的玉米SnRK2基因, 与王国英课题组报道的不同。这三个新基因分别与拟南芥的SnRK2.2、SnRK2.4、SnRK2.6/OST1同源。本课题拟通过基因表达调控研究(不同逆境下的表达谱分析、亚细胞定位、启动子分析)和转基因研究,探讨这三个玉米新基因在生长发育、逆境应答中的功能,为玉米的抗逆分子育种提供候选目的基因。
参考文献
李利斌,刘开昌,李现刚,三个新的玉米SnRK2基因的鉴定和特征分析。山东农业科学,2009,12;7-11。
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玉米SOS2/CIPK24和CIPK3的功能
植物的CIPK/SnRK3基因在植物逆境应答(干旱、低温、盐碱、淹水)、矿质营养吸收、生长发育及钙信号传导过程中具有重要功能。我们通过生物学信息学分析,发现了两个玉米的CIPK基因,分别与拟南芥和水稻的SOS2/CIPK24及CIPK3同源,与最近陈析丰等(Chen et al., 2011)报道的不同。本课题拟研究这两个基因在逆境应答(盐胁迫、低温胁迫)中的功能及对玉米生长发育的影响。
参考文献:
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Xiang, Y., Huang, Y., Xiong, L. (2007). Characterization of stress-responsive CIPK genes in rice for stress tolerance improvement. Plant Physiol 144:1416–1428
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