1 相当多数的作者并没有看懂自己所引用的文献

北大教授乔晓春：高被引论文并不代表高质量论文

高被引的文章并不代表是好文章 

排行凸显的高他引论文鲜有原创 

颠覆性成果很难发表在顶刊 

文章质量可以用影响因子评估吗 

不能用文章发表期刊的等级来判断论文的学术质量 

为什么大多数已发表的研究结果都是错误的

科学研究可以是不科学的

现代科学研究欠缺的是对理论研究的重视

大咖们写的综述有多大的学术价值？

最新顶刊现行微波吸收理论文章和低级别刊物反对文章之间的比较

燃素理论是通过实验建立的，是通过数学逻辑推翻的---检验理论正确性靠逻辑，不是靠实验验证

2 依据错误文献得到的结论可靠吗

作者的论证是依据其所引用的文献。

如果他所引用的文献是错的，

这篇文章的结论还可靠吗？

建立在被引用的错误文章的基础上的文章，

至少是垃圾文章。

30篇参考文献18篇被撤稿，这篇论文还可靠吗

垃圾文章的大量产出导致的问题不仅仅是虚假繁荣

相当多的学术权威不是因为学术而权威，他们靠造假发表垃圾文章污染学术而成为学术权威

Did Eliezer Masliah Cheat? （Eliezer Masliah学术术欺诈）？

3 90%的期刊文章都是错的，带着自己的头脑独立思考很重要

学界认为发在SCI刊物上的文章就是成果，

发在顶刊上的文章就是重大突破，

因而在SCI刊物上的文章作为评职称、考核、项目申请的依据。

很多人盲目相信同行评审期刊，

他们不用自己的脑袋评估自己引用的文章，

以为SCI上发的文章的结论可以拿来就用。

4 科学需要尖锐的批评

科学就是质疑；你好，我好，大家都好就不会有科学 

科学不怕质疑，

然而

当今学界不敢面对尖锐的批评。

文章发表后，不允许别人评论，还有什么资格叫同行评审期刊

The science community has a serious problem of dislike questioning published error.

“The writing flow of the manuscript should be more polite and professional.” Cited from: https://doi.org/10.32388/5FRZHG

“Last month, I got a private Twitter message from a postdoc bruised by the clash between science as it is and how it should be. He had published a commentary in which he pointed out errors in a famous researcher’s paper. The critique was accurate, important and measured — a service to his field. But it caused him problems: his adviser told him that publishing the criticism had crossed a line, and he should never do it again.”

“Scientists are very quick to say that science is self-correcting, but those who do the work behind this correction often get accused of damaging their field, or worse. My impression is that many error detectors are early-career researchers who stumble on mistakes made by eminent scientists, and naively think that they are helping by pointing out those problems — but, after doing so, are treated badly by the community.”

“Stories of scientists showing unwarranted hostility to error detectors are all too common …”

“Researchers are often warned against pointing out errors — and sometimes kindness is used as justification. They are told to focus on improving their own research, or to state only the positive aspects of that done by others. If you don’t have anything nice to say, don’t say anything at all.”

“There are several problems with these arguments. First, we scientists present ourselves as a community of individuals committed to scrutinizing each other. Historian of science Naomi Oreskes, in urging non-scientists to trust science, argues that “scientists have a kind of culture of collective distrust”. We cannot tell people to trust us because we monitor each other, and then appeal to kindness to halt that scrutiny.”

Cited from: Vazire, S., 2020. A toast to the error detectors. Nature. 577, 9.

https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-03909-2

现代学界怎么了，为什么大家都热衷于切磋如何讨好审稿人，为什么不把力量用在做学问上

非常不专业的审稿意见：拒稿不是针对稿件的主要论证，而是根据前言背景拒稿

5 如何评判文章所引用的文献

我们评价文献引用时，仅仅考察被引用的是内容相关文章，

而从来不考察被引用文章的观点和方法是否正确。

他们以为同行评审期刊文章已经保证了SCI文章观点、方法、论证的正确性。

为什么当代出版实践扭曲了科学 

一方面，颠覆错误的现行理论的文章很难发表，另一方面顶刊发表文章的（低级）错误从来不被发现

实践反复证明：期刊同行评审很难发现文章中的低级错误，但是能高效阻止新思想的传播（给出最新实例）

期刊同行评审:发现稿件错误很低效，不让颠覆性创新正确稿件发表效率很高

我们评价文献引用时，提倡跟风，

仅仅考察被引用的是不是近期文章。

但是跟踪热点鲜有创新。

https://www.yicai.com/news/5345088.html

许小年：创新没有风口，凡是追逐风口的行为都不是创新

http://finance.sina.com.cn/hy/20131119/105717365753.shtml

http://finance.sina.com.cn/hy/20131119/105717365756.shtml

张维迎：创新就是大部分人都不认同的想法

https://www.wenmi.com/article/puj98i03nn9k.html

多数人认同的不叫创新

https://www.sass.org.cn/_s3/_t31/2008/1229/c1201a26145/page.psp

但“创新”意味着与众不同，公认的东西往往是常识

高被引的文章并不代表是好文章 

排行凸显的高他引论文鲜有原创 

颠覆性成果很难发表在顶刊 

文章质量可以用影响因子评估吗 

“Beyond these considerations, the importance of many of the more recent developments cannot be evaluated objectively at this time. The history of mathematics teaches us that many subjects which aroused tremendous enthusiasm and engaged the attention of the best mathematicians ultimately faded into oblivion ... Indeed one of the interesting questions that the history answers is what survives in mathematics. History makes its own and sounder evaluations.” 

--Morris Kline, Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times, Oxford University Press, 1972, ISBN 0-19-506136-5 

引申：历史是最公正的。历史反复证明，那些在当世喧嚣尘上（被高引）的东西往往是主流学者刻意炒作的糟粕，而那些被当世打压（被反复拒稿）的经常是真金白银。 

Expansion: 

History serves as the ultimate arbiter. It consistently reveals that what is often overemphasized by the prominent scholars of an era is often merely the intentional promotion of mediocrity, while that which is suppressed by the prevailing contemporary scholars often reveals itself to be authentic and of true value.

6 举一个例子

文章：

Strict proof and applicable range of the quarter-wavelength model for microwave absorbers

Journal of Physics D, 53(26), 265004 - May 2020

https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab79da

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6463/ab79da

 被下列众多文章引用：

Dielectric resonance of composites containing randomly distributed ZrB2 particles with continuous dual-peak microwave absorption

Mengyue Peng, Faxiang Qin

2024, Applied Physics Letters - Article

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Superior microwave absorption properties of carbon-coated FeSiCr micro flakes

Xichun Zhong, Haonan Zhang, Na He, Jinwen Hu, Hanxing Xu, Xuefeng Liao, Qing Zhou, Zhongwu Liu, R.V. Ramanujan

2024, Journal of Alloys and Compounds - Article

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Nanopore construction in SiC aerogels for continuous dual-peak electromagnetic wave absorption with full Ku-band coverage

Jingxiang Liu, Zhen Wang, Haoquan Hao, Qinghe Jing, Shouqing Yan, Jie Guo, Wentao Liu, Zhijiang Wang

2024, Carbon - Article

6

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Mode-entangled resonance for lamb waves in a plate

Sung Hyun Kim, Ki Yean Kim, Hyung Jin Lee, Yoon Young Kim

2024, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences - Article

2

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Lightweight, Flexible, and Thermal Insulating Carbon/SiO2@CNTs Composite Aerogel for High‐Efficiency Microwave Absorption

Xiaohan Wang, Ye Yuan, Xianxian Sun, Ruo Qiang, Yichao Xu, Yu Ma, Enshuang Zhang, Yibin Li

2024, Small - Article

12

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Effect of Fe Substitution on Magnetic Properties and Radar Wave Absorption of the <tex>$\mathbf{Y}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{Co}_{\mathbf{17}}$</tex> Rare Earth Soft Magnetic Alloy

Chengfa Tu, Liang Qiao

2024, Electromagnetic Science - Article

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Fabrication of porous X-shaped Fe3O4@C core-shell structures for tunable microwave absorption

Cai-Xia Lei, Lang-Feng Lin, Shuai Li, Qing Luo, Lai-Sen Wang, Dong-Liang Peng

2024, Journal of Alloys and Compounds - Article

8

Hierarchical‐Bioinspired MOFs Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

Sajid ur Rehman, Shuai Xu, Zehua Li, Tongxiang Tao, Jing Zhang, Haining Xia, Hunagtao Xu, Kun Ma, Junfeng Wang

2023, Small - Article

18

A rare-earth oxide@carbon nanofiber aerogel for self-cleaning, infrared thermal camouflage and high-efficiency microwave absorption

Tao Liu, Li Huang, Xihua Wang, Yibin Li, Ye Yuan

2023, Journal of Materials Research and Technology - Article

7

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Tunable Electromagnetic and Microwave Absorption Properties of Magnetic FeNi3 Alloys

Yu Zheng, Mei Wu, Congyi Qian, Yuxin Jin, Wei Xiao, Xiaohui Liang

2023, Nanomaterials - Article

9

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Preparation and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of PDC–SiC/Si3N4 composites using selective laser sintering and infiltration technology

Siwen Yu, Tao Zeng, Jue Zhao, Honghao Jiang, Zuzheng Chen, Yipeng Yang, Zhiqiang Zhong, Su Cheng

2023, Journal of Materials Research and Technology - Article

9

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Construction of cuboidal-accumulating nickel particles on graphene with ultra-broad microwave absorption performance

Sujun Lu, Yutian Ma, Zuojuan Du, Mingming Hou, Ailiang Chen

2022, Applied Physics A - Article

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19

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Approximate solution of impedance matching for nonmagnetic homogeneous absorbing materials

Xiangyu Wang, Zuojuan Du, Mingming Hou, Zizhao Ding, Chao Jiang, Xiaozhong Huang, Jianling Yue

2022, The European Physical Journal Special Topics - Article

9

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Emerging Materials and Designs for Low‐ and Multi‐Band Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers: The Search for Dielectric and Magnetic Synergy?

Junye Cheng, Huibin Zhang, Mingqiang Ning, Hassan Raza, Deqing Zhang, Guangping Zheng, Qingbin Zheng, Renchao Che

2022, Advanced Functional Materials - Article

248

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Multi-scale CoNi nano-alloy/CoNi@C microsphere/3D macropores N-doped carbon foam composites: Lightweight and efficient electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics

Mengqing Wang, Bo Wei, Jintang Zhou, Zhengjun Yao, Linling Xu, Xianfei Zhang, Jiaqi Tao, Zhijia Shi

2022, Materials Chemistry and Physics - Article

11

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In situ construction of hierarchical core–shell Fe3O4@C nanoparticles–helical carbon nanocoil hybrid composites for highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

Yongpeng Zhao, Hao Zhang, Xuan Yang, Hui Huang, Guolin Zhao, Tianze Cong, Xueqing Zuo, Zeng fan, Shuaitao Yang, Lujun Pan

2021, Carbon - Article

136

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Large-Sheet Like Ti ₃C ₂T _x with Loose and Porous Microstructure for Ultralight and Wide-Frequency Microwave Absorption

Xiaolei Wang, Nan Han, Ying Zhang, Guimei Shi, Yajing Zhang, Da Li

2021, SSRN Electronic Journal - Preprint

7 同行评审期刊的结果，正确的结论不被引用，错误的文章反而被反复引用

被引文章：

Strict proof and applicable range of the quarter-wavelength model for microwave absorbers

Journal of Physics D, 53(26), 265004 - May 2020

https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab79da

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6463/ab79da

的方法和结论都是错的。这些错误被很多专业期刊文章反复指出，详情见：

A re-evaluation of the mechanism of microwave absorption in film – Part 3: Inverse relationship

Ying Liu, Yue Liu, Michael G.B. Drew

2022, Materials Chemistry and Physics - Article

Ying Liu, Yue Liu, Drew M.G.B, A re-evaluation of the mechanism of microwave absorption in film  Part 3: Inverse relationship, Mater. Chem. Phys. 2022, 290, 126521.

Wave mechanics of microwave absorption in films: A short review

Yue Liu, Ying Liu, Michael G.B. Drew

2024, Optics & Laser Technology - Article

Wave Mechanics of Microwave Absorption in Films: Multilayered Films

Yue Liu, Ying Liu, Michael G. B. Drew

2024, Journal of Electronic Materials - Article

Chapter 4 Fundamental theory of microwave absorption for films of porous nanocomposites: role of interfaces in composite fillers

Ying Liu, Michael. G.B. Drew, Yue Liu

2024, Porous Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding - Chapter

Microwave absorption of film explained accurately by wave cancellation theory

Ying Liu, Xiangbin Yin, Michael G.B. Drew, Yue Liu

2023, Physica B Condensed Matter - Article

Unexpected results in microwave absorption – Part 2: Angular effects and the wave cancellation theory

Ying Liu, Yi Ding, Yue Liu, Michael G.B. Drew

2023, Surfaces and Interfaces - Article

Unexpected results in microwave absorption – part 1: different absorption mechanisms for metal-backed film and for material

Ying Liu, Yi Ding, Yue Liu, Michael G.B. Drew

2023, Surfaces and Interfaces - Article

A physics investigation on impedance matching theory in microwave absorption film. II. Problem analyses

Ying Liu, Michael G. B. Drew, Yue Liu

2023, Journal of Applied Physics - Article

A physics investigation on impedance matching theory in microwave absorption film—Part I. Theory

Ying Liu, Michael G. B. Drew, Yue Liu

2023, Journal of Applied Physics - Article

A theoretical investigation of the quarter-wavelength model-part 2: verification and extension

Ying Liu, Yue Liu, Michael G B Drew

2022, Physica Scripta - Article

正确观点重复多少遍都不为过，错误文章发表一篇就很过分。

但是学术游戏化的结果是：错误观点重复多少遍都是允许的，重复正确的颠覆性观点就被指责为剽窃或自我剽窃。

学术游戏化问题

现代学术研究已经沦陷为做学术游戏

随着学术界日益庞杂，学术游戏化的趋势愈加严重

同行评审就是你的同行有能力阻止世界了解你的工作

同行评审使专业阶层将信息把关过程变成了保护他们自身地位的保障 

对于同行评审的期刊，这么多正确的文章不被注意，反倒是低级错误文章影响极大，而且在主流期刊上发表的错误文章是不允许你纠正的。充分说明现行期刊同行评审是必须取消的伪同行评审。

文章发表后，不允许别人评论，还有什么资格叫同行评审期刊

相关同类纠错文章也说明现行期刊同行评审发现低级错误的概率很低，对已经发表的正确结论的文章视而不见的概率很高：

Ying Liu, Michael G. B. Drew, Yue Liu, A physics investigation on impedance matching theory in microwave absorption film—Part 2: Problem Analyses, Journal of Applied Physics, 2023, 134(4), 045304

Recognizing Problems in Publications Concerned with Microwave Absorption Film and Providing Corrections: A Focused Review - Article (Preprint v2) by Yue Liu et al. | Qeios

Comments on: “A perspective on impedance matching and resonance absorption mechanism for electromagnetic wave absorbing” by Hou et al. [Carbon 222 (2024) 118935] - Article (Preprint v1) by Yue Liu et al. | Qeios

教课书水平的错误在SCI刊物文章中的广泛传播说明现代研究中的一个严重问题：现代研究者不重视自己的理论修养、他们把做实验当成了做科学研究，他们蔑视理论研究：

Comment on the relationship between electrical and optical conductivity used in several recent papers 

published in the journal of materials science: materials in electronics

K. A. Aly

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 2022 Vol. 33 Issue 6 Pages 2889-2898

DOI: 10.1007/s10854-021-07496-9

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-07496-9

Comment on the relationship between electrical and optical conductivity used in several recent papers published in the journal of materials science: materials in electronics | Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics (springer.com)

=================

很多颠覆性的科学研究的结果都说明理论研究比实验研究更重要 ---- 重大科学进步，都是以建立学科理论为标志

同意颠覆现行理论的稿件发表，就是编辑和审稿人都勇敢地承担了巨大风险、和责任，表明了他们的胆识、他们承担了巨大的压力 

一方面，颠覆错误的现行理论的文章很难发表，另一方面顶刊发表文章的（低级）错误从来不被发现 

非常不专业的审稿意见：拒稿不是针对稿件的主要论证，而是根据前言背景拒稿

实践反复证明：期刊同行评审很难发现文章中的低级错误，但是能高效阻止新思想的传播

期刊同行评审:发现稿件错误很低效，不让颠覆性创新正确稿件发表效率很高