MAP3K: MAPK kinase kinase; MAP2K: MAPK kinase; MEKK: MAPK/ERK kinase kinase; Tpl2: Tumourprogression loci 2; MLK: Mixed LineageKinase; ASK1: Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1; DLK: Dual-leucine-zipper-bearing kinase; TAK1: TGFβ-activated kinase 1; TAO1/2: Thousand-and-one amino acid 1/2 ATF: Activating transcription factor; Elk1: ETS Like-1 protein Elk-1; MEF2: Myocyte enhancer factor 2; C/EBPβ: CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) β; MK2 (MAPKAP2): MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2; MSK: Mitogen- and stress-activated kinase; MNK1: Mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase 1; HSP27: Heatshock protein 27; SAP97: Synapse-associated protein 97参考文献1. Johnson GL, et al. Mitogen-activated proteinkinase pathways mediated by ERK, JNK, and p38 protein kinases. Science. 2002 Dec6;298(5600):1911-2.2. Wagner EF, et al. Signal integration by JNKand p38 MAPK pathways in cancer development.3.Hari SB, et al.Conformation-selective ATP-competitive inhibitors control regulatory interactions and noncatalyticfunctions of mitogen-activated protein kinases.Chem Biol. 2014 May22;21(5):628-35. 4. Lee JC, et al. Inhibitionof p38 MAP kinase as a therapeutic strategy. Immunopharmacology. 2000 May;47(2-3):185-201.5. Davies SP, et al. Specificity and mechanism ofaction of some commonly used protein kinase inhibitors. Biochem J. 2000Oct 1;351(Pt 1):95-105.6.Frantz B, et al. The activation state of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinasedetermines the efficiency of ATP competition for pyridinylimidazole inhibitor binding.Biochemistry. 1998Sep 29;37(39):13846-53.7. Fukunaga R, et al. MNK1, a new MAP kinase-activated proteinkinase, isolated by a novel expression screening method for identifying proteinkinase substrates.8. Fabian MA, et al. A small molecule-kinaseinteraction map for clinical kinase inhibitors. Nat Biotechnol. 2005Mar;23(3):329-36.9.Kuma Y, et al.BIRB796 inhibits all p38 MAPK isoforms in vitro andin vivo. J Biol Chem. 2005 May 20;280(20):19472-9.10.Wagner G, et al. Small molecularanti-cytokine agents. Med Res Rev. 2006Jan;26(1):1-62.11. Natarajan SR, et al. P38 MAP kinase inhibitors: evolution ofimidazole-based and pyrido-pyrimidin-2-one lead classes.11.Raingeaud J, et al. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental stress cause p38 mitogen-activated protein kinaseactivation by dual phosphorylation on tyrosine and threonine.13. Kuliopulos A, et al. Effect of selective inhibition of the p38 MAPkinase pathway on platelet aggregation. ThrombHaemost. 2004Dec;92(6):1387-93. (VX-702)14.Hope HR, et al. Anti-inflammatory properties of a novel N-phenylpyridinone inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase:preclinical-to-clinical translation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Dec;331(3):882-95.15.Xing L, et al. Structuralbioinformatics-based prediction of exceptional selectivity of p38 MAP kinaseinhibitor PH-797804. Biochemistry. 2009 Jul 14;48(27):6402-11.16. Chaudhary O, et al. Inhibition of p38 MAPK in combination withART reduces SIV-induced immune activation and provides additional protection fromimmune system deterioration. PLoS Pathog. 2018 Aug 30;14(8):e1007268.17. Cicenas J, et al. JNK, p38, ERK,and SGK1 Inhibitors in Cancer. Cancers(Basel). 2017Dec 21;10(1). pii: E1.18. Goldstein DM, et al. Selective p38alpha inhibitors clinicallyevaluated for the treatment of chronic inflammatory J Med Chem. 2010 Mar 25;53(6):2345-53.disorders.19. Tony Navas,et al. Thep38α MAPK inhibitor SCIO-469 enhances the apoptotic and anti-proliferativeeffects of proteasome inhibitors MG132 and PS341 (Velcade) in multiple myelomacells. Cellular, Molecular, and Tumor Biology 65: Cell Surface Death Pathways I