Article Title： 600 MWe high temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant HTR-PM600

60万千瓦高温气冷堆核电站HTR-PM600

DOI: 10.1007/s41365-022-01089-9

One sentence summary:

一句话概要：

The successful completion of commercial HTR-PM600 is a breakthrough in the global development of Generation IV nuclear power technology.

商用HTR-PM600的成功设计，是全球第四代核电技术发展的重大突破。 

http://www.nst.sinap.ac.cn/newsDetails/112/30664/en/

The Novelty (What)

创新性（主要内容）

In order to commercialize the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module (HTR-PM) demonstration project, this study developed the HTR-PM600, i.e. a 600 MW_e high temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant. With a nuclear island size that is comparable to a domestic pressurized water reactor (PWR) of the same power level, the HTR-PM600 comprises six reactors modules directly replicated from HTR-PM. All of the modules are connected to a single steam turbine. Notably, the six reactor modules are accommodated by a large circular ventilated low-pressure containment (VLPC) which lowers the overall volume of the reactor building, optimizes the arrangement of the steam and feedwater pipes, provides close references of industrial foundations as well as experiences from PWR nuclear power plants, and achieves improved capacity of radioactive retention. The safety features of HTR-PM600 are identical to those of the HTR-PM whereby each reactor module is physically independent and isolated by its own concrete cavity. In addition, six separated reactor cavity cooling system (RCCS) are placed on the outer surface of the upper part of the containment. With the adoption of proven technology from HTR-PM, reference to layout practices of the PWR, and improved efficiency as well as cost, the HTR-PM600 is an economically competitive Generation IV nuclear energy technology.

为了实现球床模块式高温气冷堆示范工程（HTR-PM）的商业化，本研究开发了HTR-PM600,即60万千瓦高温气冷堆核电站。 HTR-PM600的核岛大小与国内相同功率水平的压水堆(PWR)相当，由六个直接复制自HTR-PM的反应堆模块组成。 所有的模块都连接到一台汽轮机上。 值得注意的是，六个反应堆模块采用大型圆形通风式低耐压型安全壳(VLPC)，降低了反应堆厂房的总体体积，优化了蒸汽和给水管道的布置，可以深度参考压水堆核电站的工业基础和经验，并提高了放射性包容能力。 HTR-PM600的安全特性与HTR-PM相同，每个反应堆模块是独立的，并由其自己的混凝土舱室隔离。 另外，在安全壳上部的外表面放置了六套独立的反应堆舱室冷却系统(RCCS)。 HTR-PM600是具有商业竞争力的第四代核能技术，它采用了HTR-PM的成熟技术，参考了压水堆的布置实践，提高了效率和成本。

The Background (Why)

研究背景（主要原因）

The remarkable pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) invented by Professor R. Schulton has led to the materialization of the 45 MW_t AVR pebble HTG experimental reactor and 750 MW_t THTR HTGR demonstration power station. Meanwhile, the concept of a ‘modular’ HTGR technology with inherent safety features gave rise to the development of a 200 MWt modular pebble-bed HTGR (i.e. HTR-Module) which has not been constructed to date. Following the rapid advancement in HTGR technology, scientists in China have successfully developed the HTR-10 and HTR-PM (i.e. a 200 MW_e pebble-bed modular HTGR nuclear power demonstration plant) in the 1990’s and 2000’s, respectively. The achievement of HTR-PM indicated the readiness for the commercialization phase. Therefore, the HTR-PM600, an enhanced version of HTR-PM, was planned and executed primarily for commercialization purpose. The triumphant implementation of HTR-PM600 marks a significant milestone in the global development of Generation IV nuclear power technology.

Schulton教授发明的球床高温气冷堆(HTGR)使45兆瓦级AVR球床高温气冷堆实验堆和750兆瓦级THTR高温气冷堆示范电站得以实现。 与此同时，具有固有安全特性的“模块式”高温气冷堆技术促进了20万千瓦级球床模块式高温气冷堆（即HTR-Module）的发展，遗憾的是HTR-Module没有建造。 随着高温气冷堆技术的迅速发展，我国科学家分别于20世纪90年代和2000年后成功地研制了HTR-10和HTR-PM（即20万千瓦级球床模块式高温气冷堆核电站示范工程）。 HTR-PM的成功表明该项目已进入商业化阶段。 因此，HTR-PM600作为HTR-PM的增强版，主要是为了商业化目的而计划和实施的。 HTR-PM600的成功实施标志着全球第四代核电技术发展的一个重要里程碑。

The SDG impact (Big Why)

SDG影响力（研究意义）

Nuclear energy is the second-largest source of low-carbon electricity behind hydropower. The high-energy density of nuclear energy is essential in addressing the existing energy gap, implying the need for extensive research to develop an economically competitive nuclear energy technology. The materialization of HTR-PM600 paves a path to the implementation of commercial Generation IV nuclear power plants and, thus, this study realizes UNSDG 9: Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure.

核能是仅次于水力发电的第二大低碳电力来源。 核能的高能量密度对于解决现有的能源缺口至关重要，这意味着需要进行广泛的研究，以开发具有经济竞争力的核能技术。 HTR-PM600为第四代核电站的商业实施铺平了道路，因此，本研究符合联合国可持续发展目标9：产业、创新和基础设施。

研究课题组：

清华大学高温气冷堆团队由清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院核能科学与工程领域的教职工和研究生组成，主要从事固有安全的先进核能技术研究，先后承担国家科技重大专项课题 40余项，牵头研发和设计了世界首座球床模块式高温气冷堆商业示范电站，电站于2021年全面建成并实现了首次并网发电。