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美国加州大学旧金山分校教授
1997 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖颁发给美国加州大学旧金山分校的史坦利·布鲁希纳 (Stanley Prusiner) 教授。
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17469121/
Review
Ann Neurol
. 2007 May;61(5):385-95.
doi: 10.1002/ana.21153.
Affiliations expand
PMID: 17469121
DOI: 10.1002/ana.21153
In 1954, John Enders, Thomas Weller, and Frederick Robbins were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue."5370 This discovery provided for the first time opportunities to produce both inactivated and live polio vaccines. By searching previously sealed Nobel Committee archives, we were able to review the deliberations that led to the award. It appears that Sven Gard, who was Professor of Virus Research at the Karolinska Institute and an adjunct member of the Nobel Committee at the time, played a major role in the events leading to the awarding of the Prize. It appears that Gard persuaded the College of Teachers at the Institute to decide not to follow the recommendation by their Nobel Committee to give the Prize to Vincent du Vigneaud. Another peculiar feature of the 1954 Prize is that Weller and Robbins were included based on only two nominations submitted for the first time that year. In his speech at the Nobel Prize ceremony, Gard mentioned the importance of the discovery for the future production of vaccines, but emphasized the implications of this work for growing many different, medically important viruses. We can only speculate on why later nominations highlighting the contributions of scientists such as Jonas Salk, Hilary Koprowski, and Albert Sabin in the development of poliovirus vaccines have not been recognized by a Nobel Prize.
Medical prizes: Lifetime achievement awards or engines for progress?
Ann Neurol. 2007 May;61(5):A11-2. doi: 10.1002/ana.21159.PMID: 17469123 No abstract available.
Acta Paediatr. 2006 Sep;95(9):1026-8. doi: 10.1080/08035250600900073.PMID: 16938745 No abstract available.
Wiad Lek. 1968 Dec 15;21(24):2301-3.PMID: 4303387 Polish. No abstract available.
The brain on itself: Nobel laureates and the history of fundamental nervous system function.
Neurosurgery. 2007 Nov;61(5):891-907; discussion 907-8. doi: 10.1227/01.neu.0000303185.49555.a9.PMID: 18091266
Nobel Prizes and the emerging virus concept.
Arch Virol. 2008;153(6):1109-23. doi: 10.1007/s00705-008-0088-8. Epub 2008 Apr 30.PMID: 18446425 Review.
The telomere story or the triumph of an open-minded research.
Biochimie. 2010 Apr;92(4):321-6. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2009.12.014. Epub 2010 Jan 22.PMID: 20096746 Review.
Cells. 2021 Sep 24;10(10):2526. doi: 10.3390/cells10102526.PMID: 34685505 Free PMC article. Review.
Biotechnol J. 2015 Sep;10(9):1329-44. doi: 10.1002/biot.201400387. Epub 2015 Jul 24.PMID: 26212697 Free PMC article. Review.
NTM. 2014;22(3):133-61. doi: 10.1007/s00048-014-0114-8.PMID: 25205399 German.
Microbe hunting in the 21st century.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jan 6;106(1):6-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0811420106. Epub 2008 Dec 31.PMID: 19118201 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Yellow fever and Max Theiler: the only Nobel Prize for a virus vaccine.
J Exp Med. 2007 Nov 26;204(12):2779-84. doi: 10.1084/jem.20072290.PMID: 18039952 Free PMC article.
Animals
Cells, Cultured
Disease Outbreaks / history
History, 20th Century
Humans
Nobel Prize*
Poliomyelitis / history*
Poliomyelitis / immunology
Poliomyelitis / prevention & control
Poliovirus / growth & development
Poliovirus / physiology
Poliovirus Vaccines / history
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