Membrane nanodomains modulate formin condensation for actin remodeling in Arabidopsis innate immune responses

第一作者：Zhiming Ma

第一单位：南洋理工大学

通讯作者：Yansong Miao

 Abstarct 

背景回顾：The assembly of macromolecules on the plasma membrane concentrates cell surface biomolecules into nanometer- to micrometer-scale clusters (nano- or microdomains) that help the cell initiate or respond to signals. In plant–microbe interactions, the actin cytoskeleton undergoes rapid remodeling during pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). The nanoclustering of formin-actin nucleator proteins at the cell surface has been identified as underlying actin nucleation during plant innate immune responses. 

质膜上大分子的组装会将细胞表面的生物分子凝聚成纳米或微米级别的簇，也叫做纳米域或微米域，从而作用于细胞起始或者响应各种信号。在植物与微生物的互作中，肌动蛋白细胞骨架会在病原相关分子模式诱导免疫（PTI）过程中经历快速的重塑。前期的研究表明，肌动蛋白成核蛋白formin在细胞表面形成纳米簇有助于植物先天免疫响应过程中肌动蛋白的成核。

主要发现：Here, we show that the condensation of nanodomain constituents and the self-assembly of remorin proteins enables this mechanism of controlling formin condensation and activity during innate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana. 

本文中，作者发现纳米域组份的凝聚和remorin蛋白的自组装是控制拟南芥在先天免疫过程中formin蛋白凝聚和活性的关键机制。

结果-remorin蛋白介导的formin招募、凝聚和激活：Through intrinsically disordered region-mediated remorin oligomerization and formin interaction, remorin gradually recruits and condenses formins upon PTI activation in lipid bilayers, consequently increasing actin nucleation in a time-dependent manner postinfection. 

通过固有无序区域介导的remorin蛋白寡聚以及remorin和formin的蛋白互作试验，发现remorin蛋白会响应于PTI，在脂质双分子层中逐渐招募并凝聚formin蛋白，从而以一种侵染后时间依赖性的方式增强肌动蛋白的成核。

结论：Such nanodomain- and remorin-mediated regulation of plant surface biomolecules is expected to be a general feature of plant innate immune responses that creates spatially separated biochemical compartments and fine tunes membrane physicochemical properties for transduction of immune signals in the host.

这种纳米域和remorin蛋白介导的植物表面生物分子调控有望成为植物先天免疫响应的一个普遍特征，通过创造空间上分隔的生化区室，精确微调细胞膜的理化特性，从而作用于寄主植物中的免疫信号转导。

** Yansong Miao **

doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab261

Journal: The Plant Cell

Published date: November 02, 2021​