emerge一篇谈emerge和emergence的含义
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2012-8-21 05:38
|个人分类:科普|系统分类:科普集锦|
emergence, emerge, 突然出现, 冒出来
最近注意到镜子博主emerge了两篇博文谈emergence的翻译问题。纯粹学术问题,就在于热烈讨论,所以这里也就跟风,emerge一篇博文谈emerge和emergence的含义。
当然,上述博文里面引述了物理学大家的高论,比较玄虚! 我是小人物,自然谈些小方面的理解。 我对emerge的理解,就是纯粹一个动词而已,词义相当于appear,但是有些专用。
第一次准确接触这个词,是当年学习驾车的时候:
比如,你开车/骑车/架牛车/骑驴等,从一个小路口/小胡同出来,进入大路/主路,这个过程准确叫做emerge,已经在大路上的,就会看见你emerge(出来),或者看到一个小车的emergence(出现),形象地说,你从小路到大路口的时候,先要几乎/就是停下来,之后看看大路上的交通情况再决定什么时候和怎样加进去车流。当然,从主路进入支路,就不能叫做emerge,应该叫做拐进去(turn in)。这里emerge暗含的意思是,大路上的几乎不知道你要出来,你出来的时候也是有着十二分小心的,主路上的车看到你emerge的时候,也都怀着小心,没准给你让车,让你加进来,或者加速冲过去,给你腾空位。当然,遇到开车的猛人,直接冲进主路上去了,就叫做突然emerge, 发生车祸的可能性很大的。
这个理解清楚了,说明emerge的基本含义已经掌握了,其它理解顺推。
一个科学新现象的出现(appearance),就是emerge。比如说,最近,超分辨光学显微技术的emerge,给细胞生物学领域带来了重大的影响。施一公和饶毅在中国科学界的emerge,带来了一股新气息新气象。
铁剂超导是新近才emerge的一类新的超导体;拓扑颇绝缘体是新近才emerge的一类新型材料;欧洲的高能实验使黑格斯粒子emerge 等等。
在我的领域,激光要开始工作的时候,先增加电流,很弱的情况下,是一个宽带的发光峰,当电流增大到一定强度(阈值)时,一个窄峰(激光峰)就emerge,激光开始工作了。 对于超导体,当温度降低到一定值得时候,超导电流/库珀对就emerge了。
对此,emerge一词就解释清楚了。emergence就是一个名词,使用和emerge一样。我觉得就是指emerge的过程和出来的现象,通常包含着含义是比较新颖,有兴趣。
我觉得有些学究就特别爱把简单的事情弄复杂,给emergence很难理解的样子,让人摸不着头脑,让人以为自己很高,证明自己是大家,就是大方之家。
补充一下英语词典里面的解释:
emerge,verb
to appear by coming out of something or out from behind something (从某事情中显现出来,或者从某事情后面出来)She emerged from the sea, blue with cold.
he runway lights flashed on, and the first models emerged from behind the stage set.
fig. We debated which of the candidate will emerge (= result) as the winner.
•
to come to the end of a difficult period or experienceThe Prince emerged unscathed from the scandal.(= He came out of it with no damage to his reputation).
COME OUT (出来)to appear from somewhere or come out of somewhere:A figure emerged from the shadows.
BECOME KNOWN (变成已知)to become known:It emerged that she had lied to her employers.
DIFFICULT SITUATION (渡过困难)to reach the end of a difficult situation:They emerged victorious from the fight.
The facts behind the scandal are sure to emerge eventually.
[+ that ] It has emerged that secret talks had been going on between the two companies before the takeover was announced.
She's the most exciting British singer to emerge on the pop scene for a decade.
emergence,noun [U]
the process of appearing: (出现的过程)The agreement set the stage for the company's emergence from bankruptcy.
(BECOMING KNOWN) (变为已知)
when something becomes known or starts to existChina's emergence as an economic power 。 the emergence of a new strain of the HIV virus
(APPEARING)
formal when someone appears by coming out from behind somethingUnfortunately, I misjudged the timing of my emergence.
•
when someone or something comes to the end of a difficult period or experiencethe country's emergence from bankruptcy
到这里,基本意义和含义就讲清楚了。我推荐直接翻译为咱们正宗汉语中的,崭露头脚,露头,冒出来,破土而出,出头鸟等等。至于一地的麦苗/禾苗刚刚露出来,嫩嫩的碧绿,那种景象很好看,就是emergence。或者一地的麦穗/稻穗,一眼望不到边,这样的emergence看起来也很爽。汉语言已经发展得很成熟了,应该是世界上最古老最完善的一门语言,很多翻译直接拿来用就可以了,没有必要创造新词。
至于国内外有些大家,爱怎么玩就怎么玩吧,相信不会超出上述范围,那就引申去吧!
还记得,有个章太炎的大家,就爱玩弄文字游戏,自己的四个女儿起名字用了很难的字,结果无人认识,出嫁都有了问题。
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-99360-604260.html
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