南达科塔州的位置及一览：

美国有部电影描写淘金时代枯木镇的生活：

1877 The Real Deadwood

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFIojradr4Y

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kKEZbgaqJWo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=np0hEWsuYpE

南达科塔州历史上的华人集中在靠近怀俄明州的黑山地区Black Hills ，这是美国北部大平原上凸起的一条山脉延伸到怀俄明州。1874这里发现黄金，才促使George Armstrong Custer将军 黑山远征最后全军覆没导致Custer及其部下都被印第安人击毙。

黑山地区:

黑山地区:

朱立平教授论文：

Ethnic Oasis: The Chinese in the Black Hills

by Liping Zhu,‎ Rose Estep Fosha

https://www.amazon.com/Ethnic-Oasis-Chinese-Black-Hills/dp/0971517177/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1514517328&sr=8-1&keywords=chinese+in+black+hills+south+dakota

http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3470&context=greatplainsquarterly

1876-1879之间250名中国工人来这里谋生。只有极少数人从事淘金因为白人已经抢占了淘金的地点，而大部分的中国工人在这里做服务业如洗衣。枯木镇是矿山生活区的中心，所以中国人多集中在枯木镇。

作为黑山矿区生活中心的Deadwoods枯木镇的地理位置：

左图是1876年的枯木镇，右图是采矿时代的老酒吧。                                                        

1888年的枯木镇

当时金矿区尚没有对中国人立法禁止购地产而且这个地方比较包容，华人在枯木镇上的Main街形成了自己的居住区唐人街。Wong Fee Lee于1876年来到枯木镇，他是当地最出色的商人，直到1921年去世前，他一直是华人社区领袖。

http://www.bhpioneer.com/wong-family-reacts-to-building-demolition-in-deadwood/article_bb40b3a8-a79f-5f35-b3e0-2004a0e889e7.html

http://www.deadwoodcenturyawards.com/wall/wong.shtml

The gold rush attracted Chinese immigrants to the area. Their population peaked at 250. A few engaged in mining; most worked in service enterprises. A Chinese quarter arose on Main Street, encouraged by the lack of restrictions on foreign property ownership in Dakota Territory and a relatively high level of tolerance. Wong Fee Lee arrived in Deadwood in 1876 and became a leading merchant. He was a community leader among the Chinese Americans until his death in 1921.^[13]

The quarter's residents also included African-Americans and Americans of European extraction.^[14] The state sponsored an archeological dig in the area during the 2

１９１９年他搬回广东家人１９０２年已经返回家乡。http://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/26283

参考：

http://www.deadwoodcenturyawards.com/wall/wong.shtml

https://truewestmagazine.com/deadwoods-lost-chinatown/

http://www.usnook.com/wap.php?action=article&id=34080

http://mini.eastday.com/a/171109101338038-2.html

http://deadwoodchronicles.com/deadwood-character-collections/deadwood-character-mr-wu/

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/500181102350432805/

https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/03/arts/design/chinese-american-exclusion-inclusion-exhibition-opens.html?_r=0

淘金有几种方式，placer淘金是规模，工具简单，中国工人都是用这种方式。工业程度高的有水力淘金，那就需要较大贵重设备。