^a Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Environmental Dynamics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China

^b Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies (CAOS), Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan

^c Ocean Remote Sensing Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China