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许多非英文母语的作者会觉得要把文章写得简洁有力非常困难,一部分原因是受词汇量限制,找不到适合的词来替代短语。但其实字数限制对英语母语者也是挑战,不懂得少即是多的写作艺术,就会洋洋洒洒写了许多。
本文为你提供一些控制字数的基本技巧:
1. 做引用时,以“There is a previous study on...”、“It has been reported that...”句型开头会占用一定篇幅,也使得句子读来累赘。可以将这些短语删除,仅留下引用文献。
示例
原文:It has been reported that the incidence of Alzheimer's disease increases with age (Rogue et al., 2004).(17 字)。
修改后:It has been reported that tThe incidence of Alzheimer's disease increases with age (Rogue et al., 2004).(12 字)。
2. 在含产品名称的句子中,可将产品名放进括号里。
示例
原文:The samples were analyzed on the ABC spectrophotometer (Zhejiang Scientific, Zhejiang, China) to determine the xyz values.(17 字)。
修改后:The samples were analyzed on the ABC spectrophotometer to determine the xyz values (ABC spectrometer; Zhejiang Scientific, Zhejiang, China).(15 字)。
3. 巧妙地将动词名词化能有效减字,但也需注意分寸,一昧使用名词、术语也会令文章不自然。以下例句借着把 diagnosis 替换成 diagnosed 将句子变短了,即是一个正面改动。
示例
原文:A diagnosis of cancer was made on the basis of the findings.(12 字)。
修改后:A diagnosis of cCancer was diagnosedmade on the basis of the findings.(9 字)。
4. 在结果部分,避免边写边“叙述”数据,可直接把数据放进括号里。
示例
原文:The protein level was 5 mg in Group A, while it was 3 mg in Group B, the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.05).(25 字)。
修改后:The difference in the protein level was 5 mg in between Ggroups A and B, while it was 3 mg in Group b, the difference being statistically was significant (5 mg vs. 3 mg, p < 0.05).(21 字)。
5. 检查是否能删除一些对读者来说理所当然的信息,许多作者会在前言部分以叙述性内容开头,虽说建构上下文很重要,但请考虑其必要性。譬如一篇关于 AIDS 的研究论文,“AIDS is a life-threatening disease.”这样的开场就有些可有可无。
6. 有些典型的赘词能免则免,以下提供一些范例:
示例
a number of - several
as a result - therefore
on the other hand - whereas
as a consequence of - owing to
7. 英语中有种“省略结构”,可在长句中避免重复出现的动词。
示例
原文:Group A was given cyclosporine, Group B was given FK506, and Group C was given chlorambucil.(16 字)。
修改后:Group A was given cyclosporine; Group B, was given FK506; and Group C, was given chlorambucil.(12 字)。
8. 用连词符号串联的词在 Word 里算一个词,所以像以下例句中把 rely on themselve 写成 self-reliant 也是一种讨巧的办法。
示例
原文:After rehabilitation, the patients came to rely on themselves.(9 字)。
修改后:After rehabilitation, the patients became self-reliantto rely on themselves.(6 字)。
9.使用主动语态有时能减少字数。
示例
原文:Written informed consent was given by all patients.(8 字)。
修改后:All patients gave Wwritten informed consent was given by all patients.(6 字)。
10. 避免用 of 表示所有格。
示例
原文:Patients of Group 1 were followed up for 6 months, and those of Group 2, for 12 months.(18 字)。
修改后:Patients of Group 1 patients were followed up for 6 months, whileand those of Group 2 patientswere followed up, for 12 months.(15 字)。
以上几个方法能在不改变语义的前提下有效缩短文章篇幅,不过减少字数总归不是件简单的事,下笔前后都要多读几遍才行。这些方法仅适用于小幅减字,如你超过规定字数太多,只得作结构性删减了。
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如果你自觉缩写效果不理想,也可借助润色将文章压缩至期刊的投稿字数。
意得辑优质润色服务至多可缩减稿件总字数的20%,该服务既包含两位英语母语编辑对稿件的三重检查,又为作者解决投稿信、查重、和排版等几项前期准备工序,还为应对期刊的返修要求免费提供无限再润色,从头到尾陪作者走完发表路。尤其适合有志发SCI或SSCI的作者,是意得辑最受欢迎的服务。
为什么说这项服务对SCI及SSCI投稿有所助益?
英文期刊投稿的入门选项——有成效:据用户调研结果显示,在优质润色加持下发了第一篇SCI或SSCI论文的人数十分可观。
助你通过英文思维的检验——智力贡献:不局限于语言语法的修改,编辑同步进行高一级的逻辑检查,弥合中英作者在思维方式与写作习惯上的差异。
为你归置投稿材料——省事:代你操心排版、查重、投稿信撰写三样费心力却不可或缺的预备工作。
和你一道面对返修——保险:首轮返稿后的365天内不计次数免费再润色给拒稿与返修上好了保险,好事多磨的路上也有人兜底。
欢迎前往意得辑官网了解服务详情。
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