Any effectively generated theory capable of expressing elementary arithmetic cannot be both consistent and complete. In particular, for any consistent, effectively generated formal theory that proves certain basic arithmetic truths, there is an arithmetical statement that is true,[1] but not provable in the theory (Kleene 1967, p. 250). (wikipedia上英文比较清楚,但是要需要解释的太多,就不翻译了)
For any formal effectively generated theory T including basic arithmetical truths and also certain truths about formal provability, if T includes a statement of its own consistency then T is inconsistent. (wikipedia上英文比较清楚,但是要需要解释的太多,就不翻译了)
B. A. W. Russell, "The Principles of Mathematics," Cambridge University Press, 1903. A. N. Whitehead and B. A. W. Russell, "Principia Mathematica," 3 volumes, Cambridge University Press, 1910-1913. (通称PM) B. A. W. Russell, "The Philosophical Importance of Mathematical Logic," The Monist,Volume 23, Issue 4, Pages 481-493, October 1913.