【2019.10】编译器设计：代码生成与机器级优化Compiler Design: Code Generation and Machine-Level Optimization，共210页。

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虽然高级编程语言的编译器属于大型复杂的软件系统，但它们具有不同于其他软件系统的特殊特性。

While compilers for high-level programming languages are large complex software systems, they have particular characteristics that differentiate them from other software systems. 

它们的功能几乎是完全定义好的——理想情况下，存在对源语言和目标语言的完整精确描述。

Their functionality is almost completely well-defined – ideally there exist complete precise descriptions of the source and target languages. 

对操作系统、编程系统和编程环境以及其他编译器和库的接口的附加描述通常是可用的。

Additional descriptions of the interfaces to the operating system, programming system and programming environment, and to other compilers and libraries are often available.

编译器的最后一个步骤是为目标微处理器生成有效的代码。

The final stage of a compiler is generating efficient code for the target microprocessor. 

应用的技术不同于通常的编译器优化，因为代码生成必须考虑处理器的资源约束——它的寄存器、功能单元、指令解码器等数量有限。

The applied techniques are different from usual compiler optimizations because code generation has to take into account the resource constraints of the processor – it has a limited number of registers, functional units, instruction decoders, and so on. 

生成代码的效率很大程度上取决于将程序映射到处理器的算法，但是这些算法本身不仅依赖于目标处理器，而且还依赖于编译器本身的若干设计决策，例如，在与机器无关的优化中使用的程序表示法。

The efficiency of the generated code significantly depends on the algorithms used to map the program to the processor, however these algorithms themselves depend not only on the target processor but also on several design decisions in the compiler itself – e.g., the program representation used in machine-independent optimization.

在这本书中，作者讨论了非常适合现有编译器基础结构的经典代码生成方法，还提出了基于最先进的程序表示的新算法，如在实时编译的现代编译器和虚拟机中使用的算法。

In this book, the authors discuss classical code generation approaches that are well suited to existing compiler infrastructures, and they also present new algorithms based on state-of-the-art program representations as used in modern compilers and virtual machines using just-in-time compilation.

本书是为计算机科学的学生准备的。

This book is intended for students of computer science. 

本书由例子、练习和程序片段贯穿写作的始终。

The book is supported throughout with examples, exercises and program fragments.

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