本公众号（植物科学SCI）主要跟踪各大植物学期刊最新文献，比如Nature Plants，Molecular Plant，The Plant Cell，New Phytologist，Plant Physiology 等。

尤其以Nature Plants 为主，该期刊每一篇文献必定跟踪阅读。

2017年12月19日PNAS在线文章，文章结果表明植物编码的酶的活性可以被调节，以改变免疫应答过程中非组蛋白的乙酰化。

原题目为：

Fungal-induced protein hyperacetylation in maize identified by acetylome profiling

病原体如何操纵宿主细胞机器来实现感染是生物学中的一个主要问题。玉米圆斑病菌种1感染易感玉米植物的能力依赖于HC-毒素（HCT）的产生。虽然已知HC-毒素是组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂，但HCT实际上如何促进毒力的知识仍然不足。在这里，我们使用质谱定量HCT处理或病原体感染的植物蛋白质丰度和蛋白乙酰化水平。这些分析表明植物编码的酶的活性可以被调节，进而在易感的相互作用期间改变组蛋白和非组蛋白乙酰化，并且表明毒性玉米圆斑病菌利用HCT重编程对感染的转录响应，导致无效的防御反应。

How pathogens manipulate host cellular machinery to enable infection is a major question in biology. The ability of Cochliobolus carbonum race 1 to infect susceptible corn plants relies on production of HC-toxin (HCT). While it is known that HC-toxin is a histone deacetylase inhibitor, knowledge of how HCT actually promotes virulence has remained elusive. Here, we use mass spectrometry to quantify protein abundance and levels of protein acetylation in HCT-treated or pathogen-infected plants. These analyses revealed that the activity of plant-encoded enzymes can be modulated to alter both histone and nonhistone protein acetylation during a susceptible interaction and suggest that virulent C. carbonum utilizes HCT to reprogram the transcriptional response to infection, resulting in an ineffective defense response.

赖氨酸乙酰化是一种重要的翻译后修饰，调控参与一系列生物过程的多种蛋白质。组蛋白乙酰化在植物防御中的作用已经确立，并且已知编码乙酰转移酶的病原效应蛋白可以直接乙酰化宿主蛋白以改变其免疫力。然而，目前尚不清楚内源性植物酶在免疫应答过程中是否可以调节蛋白乙酰化。在这里，我们研究了一种由真菌病原菌玉米圆斑病菌种1产生的组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂，效应分子HC-毒素（HCT），它通过改变蛋白乙酰化促进在玉米中的毒性。使用质谱法，我们全面定量了3636种蛋白质的丰度，和用HCT，以及HCT缺陷型或HCT生产型玉米圆斑病菌的菌株处理的玉米的2791个位点处的乙酰化水平。这些数据的分析表明，乙酰化是一种广泛的翻译后修饰，影响许多已深入研究的由玉米基因编码的蛋白质。此外，外源HCT的应用，使我们能够证明植物编码的酶（组蛋白脱乙酰酶）的活性可被调节，以改变免疫应答过程中非组蛋白的乙酰化。总的来说，这些结果为进一步的机制研究提供了资源，通过可逆的乙酰化来检查蛋白质功能的调节，并提供了对由毒性玉米圆斑病菌引起的复杂的免疫应答的理解。

Lysine acetylation is a key posttranslational modification that regulates diverse proteins involved in a range of biological processes. The role of histone acetylation in plant defense is well established, and it is known that pathogen effector proteins encoding acetyltransferases can directly acetylate host proteins to alter immunity. However, it is unclear whether endogenous plant enzymes can modulate protein acetylation during an immune response. Here, we investigate how the effector molecule HC-toxin (HCT), a histone deacetylase inhibitor produced by the fungal pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum race 1, promotes virulence in maize through altering protein acetylation. Using mass spectrometry, we globally quantified the abundance of 3,636 proteins and the levels of acetylation at 2,791 sites in maize plants treated with HCT as well as HCT-deficient or HCT-producing strains of C. carbonum. Analyses of these data demonstrate that acetylation is a widespread posttranslational modification impacting proteins encoded by many intensively studied maize genes. Furthermore, the application of exogenous HCT enabled us to show that the activity of plant-encoded enzymes (histone deacetylases) can be modulated to alter acetylation of nonhistone proteins during an immune response. Collectively, these results provide a resource for further mechanistic studies examining the regulation of protein function by reversible acetylation and offer insight into the complex immune response triggered by virulent C. carbonum.

每日一词

susceptible

英[səˈseptəbl]

美[səˈsɛptəbəl]

adj. 易受影响的; 易受感染的; 善感的; 可以接受或允许的;

[例句]Young people are the most susceptible to advertisements

年轻人最容易受广告的影响。

[其他] 比较级：more susceptible 最高级：most susceptible