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Schrodinger的猫(图)Schrodinger's Cat
1935年薛定谔(Schrodinger)在Naturwiss(1935,23:307)上撰文说:”一只猫关在一个铁箱子里面,其中设有如下的要命机关…如果发生了衰变,那个计数管就被触发放电,并且通过一个继电器松开一把小锤子,使它击破一个装有氢氰酸的小瓶…整个系统的Ψ函数就由其中活的和死的猫这两部分以相等的比例相混合来描写.”薛定谔认为这是正统量子力学诠释中的一个”十分荒谬的例子”.
Schrodinger's Cat (in his own words)
"One can even set up quite ridiculous cases. A cat is penned up in a steel chamber, along with the following diabolical device (which must be secured against direct interference by the cat): in a Geiger counter there is a tiny bit of radioactive substance, so small that perhaps in the course of one hour one of the atoms decays, but also, with equal probability, perhaps none; if it happens, the counter tube discharges and through a relay releases a hammer which shatters a small flask of hydrocyanic acid. If one has left this entire system to itself for an hour, one would say that the cat still lives if meanwhile no atom has decayed. The first atomic decay would have poisoned it. The Psi function for the entire system would express this by having in it the living and the dead cat (pardon the expression) mixed or smeared out in equal parts. It is typical of these cases that an indeterminacy originally restricted to the atomic domain becomes transformed into macroscopic indeterminacy, which can then be resolved by direct observation. That prevents us from so naively accepting as valid a "blurred model" for representing reality. In itself it would not embody anything unclear or contradictory. There is a difference between a shaky or out-of-focus photograph and a snapshot of clouds and fog banks."
-- Erwin Schrodinger
Translation by John D. Trimmer
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