博文
谁在养活中国?——中国是食品出口大国
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根据历年统计年鉴，近年来中国食品和活动物的贸易顺差在每年200亿美元左右，即使扣除烟酒饮料和动植物油脂的净进口，目前中国农产品-食品的净出口额也在100亿美元左右。虽然这在中国的贸易顺差里是九牛一毛，但毫无疑问以贸易金额衡量中国是世界最大的食品出口国之一。
出口
| 初级 产品 | 食品和 活动物 | 烟酒 饮料 | 非食用 原料 | 矿物燃料、 润滑油及 有关原料 | 动植物 油脂和蜡 |
1980 | 91.1 | 29.9 | 0.8 | 17.1 | 42.8 | 0.6 |
1985 | 138.3 | 38.0 | 1.1 | 26.5 | 71.3 | 1.4 |
1990 | 158.9 | 66.1 | 3.4 | 35.4 | 52.4 | 1.6 |
1991 | 161.5 | 72.3 | 5.3 | 34.9 | 47.5 | 1.5 |
1992 | 170.0 | 83.1 | 7.2 | 31.4 | 46.9 | 1.4 |
1993 | 166.7 | 84.0 | 9.0 | 30.5 | 41.1 | 2.1 |
1994 | 197.1 | 100.2 | 10.0 | 41.3 | 40.7 | 5.0 |
1995 | 214.9 | 99.5 | 13.7 | 43.8 | 53.3 | 4.5 |
五年平均 | 182.0 | 87.8 | 9.0 | 36.4 | 45.9 | 2.9 |
1996 | 219.3 | 102.3 | 13.4 | 40.5 | 59.3 | 3.8 |
1997 | 239.5 | 110.8 | 10.5 | 42.0 | 69.9 | 6.5 |
1998 | 204.9 | 105.1 | 9.8 | 35.2 | 51.8 | 3.1 |
1999 | 199.4 | 104.6 | 7.7 | 39.2 | 46.6 | 1.3 |
2000 | 254.6 | 122.8 | 7.5 | 44.6 | 78.6 | 1.2 |
五年平均 | 223.5 | 109.1 | 9.8 | 40.3 | 61.2 | 3.2 |
2001 | 263.4 | 127.8 | 8.7 | 41.7 | 84.1 | 1.1 |
2002 | 285.4 | 146.2 | 9.8 | 44.0 | 84.4 | 1.0 |
2003 | 348.1 | 175.3 | 10.2 | 50.3 | 111.1 | 1.2 |
2004 | 405.5 | 188.6 | 12.1 | 58.4 | 144.8 | 1.5 |
2005 | 490.4 | 224.8 | 11.8 | 74.8 | 176.2 | 2.7 |
五年平均 | 358.6 | 172.5 | 10.5 | 53.9 | 120.1 | 1.5 |
2006 | 529.2 | 257.2 | 11.9 | 78.6 | 177.7 | 3.7 |
2007 | 615.1 | 307.4 | 14.0 | 91.2 | 199.5 | 3.0 |
2008 | 779.6 | 327.6 | 15.3 | 113.2 | 317.7 | 5.7 |
2009 | 631.1 | 326.3 | 16.4 | 81.5 | 203.7 | 3.2 |
2010 | 816.9 | 411.5 | 19.1 | 116.0 | 266.7 | 3.6 |
五年平均 | 674.4 | 326.0 | 15.3 | 96.1 | 233.1 | 3.8 |
2011 | 1005.5 | 504.9 | 22.8 | 149.8 | 322.7 | 5.3 |
进口
| 初级 产品 | 食品和 活动物 | 烟酒 饮料 | 非食用 原料 | 矿物燃料、 润滑油及 有关原料 | 动植物 油脂和蜡 |
1980 | 69.6 | 29.3 | 0.4 | 35.5 | 2.0 | 2.4 |
1985 | 52.9 | 15.5 | 2.1 | 32.4 | 1.7 | 1.2 |
1990 | 98.5 | 33.4 | 1.6 | 41.1 | 12.7 | 9.8 |
1991 | 108.3 | 28.0 | 2.0 | 50.0 | 21.1 | 7.2 |
1992 | 132.6 | 31.5 | 2.4 | 57.8 | 35.7 | 5.3 |
1993 | 142.1 | 22.1 | 2.5 | 54.4 | 58.2 | 5.0 |
1994 | 164.9 | 31.4 | 0.7 | 74.4 | 40.4 | 18.1 |
1995 | 244.2 | 61.3 | 3.9 | 101.6 | 51.3 | 26.1 |
五年平均 | 158.4 | 34.8 | 2.3 | 67.6 | 41.3 | 12.3 |
1996 | 254.4 | 56.7 | 5.0 | 107.0 | 68.8 | 17.0 |
1997 | 286.2 | 43.0 | 3.2 | 120.1 | 103.1 | 16.8 |
1998 | 229.5 | 37.9 | 1.8 | 107.2 | 67.8 | 14.9 |
1999 | 268.5 | 36.2 | 2.1 | 127.4 | 89.1 | 13.7 |
2000 | 467.4 | 47.6 | 3.6 | 200.0 | 206.4 | 9.8 |
五年平均 | 301.2 | 44.3 | 3.1 | 132.3 | 107.0 | 14.4 |
2001 | 457.4 | 49.8 | 4.1 | 221.3 | 174.7 | 7.6 |
2002 | 492.7 | 52.4 | 3.9 | 227.4 | 192.9 | 16.3 |
2003 | 727.6 | 59.6 | 4.9 | 341.2 | 291.9 | 30.0 |
2004 | 1172.7 | 91.5 | 5.5 | 553.6 | 479.9 | 42.1 |
2005 | 1477.1 | 93.9 | 7.8 | 702.3 | 639.5 | 33.7 |
五年平均 | 865.5 | 69.4 | 5.2 | 409.1 | 355.8 | 25.9 |
2006 | 1871.3 | 99.9 | 10.4 | 831.6 | 890.0 | 39.4 |
2007 | 2430.9 | 115.0 | 14.0 | 1179.1 | 1049.3 | 73.4 |
2008 | 3623.9 | 140.5 | 19.2 | 1667.0 | 1692.4 | 104.9 |
2009 | 2898.0 | 148.3 | 19.5 | 1413.5 | 1240.4 | 76.4 |
2010 | 4338.5 | 215.7 | 24.3 | 2121.1 | 1890.0 | 87.4 |
五年平均 | 3032.5 | 143.9 | 17.5 | 1442.4 | 1352.4 | 76.3 |
2011 | 6042.7 | 287.7 | 36.9 | 2849.2 | 2757.8 | 111.1 |
| 初级 产品 | 食品和 活动物 | 烟酒 饮料 | 非食用 原料 | 矿物燃料、 润滑油及 有关原料 | 动植物 油脂和蜡 | (2)、（3）、（6）项合计 |
| （1） | （2） | （3） | (4) | (5) | (6) |
|
1980 | 21.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -18.4 | 40.8 | -1.8 | -0.8 |
1985 | 85.4 | 22.5 | -1.0 | -5.8 | 69.6 | 0.1 | 21.6 |
1990 | 60.3 | 32.7 | 1.9 | -5.7 | 39.7 | -8.2 | 26.4 |
1991 | 53.1 | 44.3 | 3.3 | -15.2 | 26.4 | -5.7 | 41.9 |
1992 | 37.5 | 51.6 | 4.8 | -26.3 | 11.2 | -3.9 | 52.6 |
1993 | 24.6 | 61.9 | 6.6 | -23.9 | -17.1 | -3.0 | 65.5 |
1994 | 32.2 | 68.8 | 9.3 | -33.1 | 0.3 | -13.1 | 65.0 |
1995 | -29.3 | 38.2 | 9.8 | -57.8 | 2.1 | -21.5 | 26.5 |
五年平均 | 23.6 | 53.0 | 6.8 | -31.3 | 4.6 | -9.4 | 50.3 |
1996 | -35.2 | 45.6 | 8.5 | -66.5 | -9.5 | -13.2 | 40.8 |
1997 | -46.7 | 67.7 | 7.3 | -78.1 | -33.2 | -10.4 | 64.6 |
1998 | -24.6 | 67.3 | 8.0 | -72.0 | -16.0 | -11.8 | 63.4 |
1999 | -69.1 | 68.4 | 5.6 | -88.2 | -42.5 | -12.4 | 61.7 |
2000 | -212.8 | 75.2 | 3.8 | -155.4 | -127.8 | -8.6 | 70.4 |
五年平均 | -77.7 | 64.8 | 6.6 | -92.0 | -45.8 | -11.3 | 60.2 |
2001 | -194.1 | 78.0 | 4.6 | -179.6 | -90.6 | -6.5 | 76.1 |
2002 | -207.3 | 93.8 | 6.0 | -183.3 | -108.5 | -15.3 | 84.5 |
2003 | -379.5 | 115.7 | 5.3 | -290.9 | -180.8 | -28.9 | 92.2 |
2004 | -767.2 | 97.1 | 6.7 | -495.1 | -335.1 | -40.7 | 63.1 |
2005 | -986.8 | 130.9 | 4.0 | -627.4 | -463.3 | -31.0 | 103.9 |
五年平均 | -507.0 | 103.1 | 5.3 | -355.3 | -235.6 | -24.5 | 84.0 |
2006 | -1342.1 | 157.3 | 1.5 | -753.0 | -712.3 | -35.6 | 123.2 |
2007 | -1815.8 | 192.4 | 0.0 | -1087.9 | -849.8 | -70.4 | 122.0 |
2008 | -2844.4 | 187.1 | -3.9 | -1553.8 | -1374.7 | -99.1 | 84.1 |
2009 | -2266.9 | 178.0 | -3.1 | -1331.9 | -1036.6 | -73.2 | 101.7 |
2010 | -3521.6 | 195.8 | -5.2 | -2005.1 | -1623.3 | -83.8 | 106.7 |
五年平均 | -2358.2 | 182.1 | -2.2 | -1346.3 | -1119.3 | -72.5 | 107.5 |
2011 | -5037.2 | 217.2 | -14.1 | -2699.5 | -2435.0 | -105.9 | 97.2 |
https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-595119-744033.html
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