短评：读博士学位的时候，我就认识了杨老师。他后来也是我博士学位答辩委员之一。杨老师的工作特点之一就是他发现的寄生蜂物种（包括他新命名的物种），都有比较详尽的生物学信息。其中，姬小蜂科的物种一般个体小，形态难辨。我读书的时候，面对标本馆大量标本，感觉一辈子也研究不完；杨老师的方法固然好，但费时费力，发现一个物种可能需要好几年的时间。随着分类学工作的逐步深入，我越来越体会到从寄主昆虫饲养寄生蜂方法的妙处：最常用的扫网方法、马来氏网或黄盘法采集的物种一般个体数量不大，很难掌握特征变化范围；而通过寄主饲养出姬小蜂的方法，一般既提供生物学信息，也会收集到较多的个体。通过多个个体的观察和比较，研究人员可以掌握特征及其变化范围，同时也为后续天敌昆虫扩繁打下基础。

在膜翅目研究工作中，杨老师翻译的《膜翅目》是我需要推荐给学生和年轻工作者必备的参考书之一。这本书对膜翅目昆虫生物学进行了高度概括，并对欧洲大部分类群给出了比较好检索工具。在寄生蜂研究工作中，杨老师长期通过饲养获取标本，发表了天敌昆虫新物种356种，研究论文200多篇。这些寄生蜂分类学工作，特别是重大外来入侵害虫美国白蛾、松材线虫病和红脂大小蠹，危害三北防护林的光肩星天牛、以及栗山天牛、云斑天牛、锈色粒肩天牛、白蜡窄吉丁、苹小吉丁等天敌昆虫研究，为林业害虫生物防治奠定了基础。

啮姬小蜂亚科现存分类学问题比较多，新属也在不断被发现。其中Baryscapus属已被命名的物种较多，发表一个新物种需要很大的投入，非常不容易。祝贺杨老师，并期待有更多漂亮的姬小蜂物种被发现和描述。

杨老师回复：昆虫界的天仙女一一果梢斑螟啮小蜂Baryscapus dioryctriae, 是一个新物种，十分美丽，请大家欣赏。它身体很小，只有2毫米长，金绿色，体态轻盈，体型优美，像一颗璀璨的绿宝石，又是一种优秀的天敌。它是我和博士后宋丽文等发表在《美国昆虫学报》2017年第1期上的一个寄生蜂新种，寄生在危害红松种子十分严重的大害虫——果梢斑螟蛹中，这种害虫的幼虫钻进红松球果中吃种子。我们常吃的松子就是红松的种子。由于它的危害，这几年我国东北林区红松种子产量大大降低，因此松子的价格越来越高。我们目前对这种小蜂正在进行人工大量饲养，释放后让他去防治果梢斑螟。我们将会吃到又圆又大、颗粒饱满、污染无公害的松子。（转发中科院动物研究所朱朝东研究员撰写的报道）

New Wasp Species Discovered Parasitizing Pests of Pine Trees

January 19, 2017 by Entomology Today

Baryscapus dioryctriae is a newly discovered species of wasp that parasitizes—and could be a potential biologicalcontrol agent of—two moth species of the genus Dioryctria, a pest of pine trees in China. (Photo credit: Li-Wen Song, et al)

By Josh Lancette

A new parasitoid wasp species, named Baryscapus dioryctriae, has been discovered in China. The new species is known to parasitize larvae of two species of Dioryctria, which are serious pests of pine trees, and was found during a survey looking for natural enemies of Dioryctria pryeri and D. abietella.

松树被危害状和螟蛾

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This finding, published today in the Annals of the Entomological Society of America, is important because the new species could potentially be used as a biological control agent. The Dioryctria moth larvae that hurt pine trees are often concealed within the cones, making insecticides generally ineffective. An effective biological control agent such as a parasitoid wasp could provide a way to manage the pest in an environmentally-friendly manner.

“Baryscapus dioryctriae appears to have the characteristics of a superior biological control agent for suppression of its hosts because of its relatively high parasitism rate, the relatively large number of wasp individuals reared from a single host pupa, and the high female:male sex ratio,” write the researchers.

Furthermore,the new species appears to lend itself well to mass rearing, as the researchers successfully reared it on several other related hosts, such as the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) and the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella).

The new species was discovered in a managed forest of Pinus koraiensis (commonly called Korean pine) in Northeast China by researchers from the Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Forestry.

Josh Lancette is manager of publications at the EntomologicalSociety of America.