近五年CSU安全理论创新与促进研究中心发表的英文论文摘要

 Safety & Security Theory Innovation and Promotion Center (STIPC) of CSU

Bing Wang, Chao Wu, Jie Li, Laobing Zhang, Lang Huang, Liangguo Kang,

Certified Safety Engineer (CSE) as a new official profession in China: A brief review,

Safety Science,

Volume 116,

2019,

Pages 108-115,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.03.007.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753518312918)

Abstract: Developing a group of good safety professionals is a key foundation for improving a country’s work safety and health. In China, the widespread concern and discussion on the development of safety professionals, or more specifically Certified Safety Engineers (CSEs) started in the early 1990s. In recent years, especially after 2002, China’s CSEs entered into a holistic, systematic and rapid development period because of the formal establishment and implementation of the professional qualification system for CSEs in 2002. Moreover, CSE is now becoming the most important profession in the field of work health and safety in China, and it has been officially approved by the central government. China has rich experiences on the development and cultivation of CSEs. However, these experiences were little known to the outside world due to the lack of efficient communication. Firstly, this paper briefly reviews the history and development of CSEs in China. Then, the administrative regulation and important requirements (such as capacity requirements and the knowledge framework) regarding CSEs in China are briefly introduced. This research aims at promoting the cooperation and exchange of information on the development and cultivation of safety professionals between China and other countries, to offer useful evidence and suggestions for the development of safety professionals.

Keywords: Work safety and health; Safety professionals; China; Certified Safety Engineer (CSE)

Fang Yan, Kaili Xu,

Methodology and case study of quantitative preliminary hazard analysis based on cloud model,

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,

Volume 60,

2019,

Pages 116-124,

ISSN 0950-4230,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2019.04.013.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950423018306132)

Abstract: Preliminary hazard analysis (PHA) is an effective method to identify and evaluate hazards in a system. Then, prevention measures can be set according to assessment results. However, assessment results may not be detailed and reasonable enough due to the qualitative assessment by PHA. This paper proposes a quantitative PHA called cloud model-preliminary hazard analysis (CM-PHA). The cloud model (CM) is utilized to improve PHA. The cloud model-hazard grade (CM-HG) is proposed to classify hazards, and the algorithm of CM-HG is established. Then, steps to conduct quantitative assessments of hazards are provided. The process of CM-PHA to obtain the CM-PHA diagram is worked out accordingly. A case study of hazards in the biomass gasification station is developed based on CM-PHA. A qualitative PHA is introduced and compared with the proposed method. Comparison results show that the assessment results obtained by CM-PHA are more detailed and precise, and corresponding prevention measures for hazards are more reasonable.

Keywords: Preliminary hazard analysis; Cloud model; Hazard grade; Normal cloud

Liangguo Kang, Chao Wu,

Evaluating the performance of Chinese provincial road safety based on the output–input ratio,

Transportation Letters,

Volume 14, Issue 2,

2022,

Pages 114-123,

ISSN 1942-7867,

https://doi.org/10.1080/19427867.2020.1819077.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1942786722003666)

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Safety performance comparison among decision-making units (DMUs) is a useful approach for impelling underperforming DMUs to learn the safety practice of those benchmarking ones. Considering the output-input ratio, performance scores for Chinese provincial road safety from 2016 to 2018 are computed by using data envelopment analysis method. The results show that the average score of Chinese provincial road safety performance is 0.657. Shanghai, Hunan, and Gansu are all efficient for the past 3 years. The group-frontier of the central region approaches the meta-frontier, and the group-frontier of the western region lags behind the meta-frontier. Henan of 2016 has been overtaken 25 EU countries of 2008 in terms of performance scores. This study helps international scholars to understand the general situation of Chinese road safety and enables policymakers to improve the road safety performance of the underperforming provinces by learning the safety insight from those best-performing ones.

Keywords: Road safety; safety performance; performance evaluation; output-input ratio; data envelopment analysis

Bing Wang, Chao Wu, Lang Huang,

Data literacy for safety professionals in safety management: A theoretical perspective on basic questions and answers,

Safety Science,

Volume 117,

2019,

Pages 15-22,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.04.002.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753518317090)

Abstract: The use of data in safety management has become more prevalent, especially in the era of big data. Hence a growing number of organizations have begun to require safety professionals to use safety-related data to inform their safety management practices. Data Literacy for Safety Professionals (DLSP) is a prerequisite for data-driven safety management, and has become an essential skill for safety professionals as safety management becomes a data-driven profession. Unfortunately, DLSP has never been explored. Using the concept of data literacy, this study focuses on the potentially important value of safety-related data and DLSP in safety management, and aims to give preliminary answers to some fundamental questions concerning DLSP from a theoretical perspective. The questions examine (1) what it is, (2) what its main components are, and (3) what factors influence it. Other theoretical and practical contributions include a discussion on the growing importance of safety-related data for safety management, a rationale for fostering and studying DLSP, and suggestions for future research. This paper is the first to study the basic questions of DLSP specifically, thus its results hold important implications for developing and studying DLSP in the future.

Keywords: Data Literacy for Safety Professionals (DLSP); Safety-Related Data (SRD); Safety management; Data-driven safety management; Big data

Bing Wang, Chao Wu,

Safety culture development, research, and implementation in China: An overview,

Progress in Nuclear Energy,

Volume 110,

2019,

Pages 289-300,

ISSN 0149-1970,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2018.10.002.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149197018302543)

Abstract: Many organizations around the world have considered safety culture as an emerging research field to address the needs of safety performance improvement and an important means and enabler of safety. The concept of safety culture was introduced in China in the early 1990s with support and encouragement from all levels of the government. Ever since, safety culture has greatly developed and received increasing attention in China, especially in the 21st century, and its research and practice have been very fruitful. However, such research is little known in the rest of the world because most works were published or introduced in Chinese. The two key objectives of this paper are: (1) to analyze the current state of safety culture research in China and (2) to introduce China's safety culture development, achievements, and prospects briefly. First, the long and dynamic journey of safety culture development in China is introduced. Then the current state of safety culture research in China is explained through literature analysis, and some key achievements in recent years are introduced. Finally, the prospects of safety culture in China over the next five years are introduced by combining the demand of safe development and the current Chinese safety culture research and the suggestions in the Thirteenth-Five-Year Plan for Work Safety formulated on February 3, 2017. However more detailed research needs to be carried out for a deeper understanding of China's safety culture development, research, and implementation.

Keywords: Safety culture; Development; Research; Achievement; Prospect; China

Bing Wang, Zhaozhen Zhu, Chao Wu, HongJian Zhang, Xiuping Liao,

PDE accident model from a safety information perspective and its application to Zhangjiakou fire and explosion accident,

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,

Volume 68,

2020,

104333,

ISSN 0950-4230,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2020.104333.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950423020306203)

Abstract: Accident models can provide theoretical frameworks for determining the causes and mechanisms of accidents, and thus are theoretical bases for accident analysis and prevention. The role of safety information in accident causation is profound. Thus, safety information is an important and essential perspective for developing accident models. This study presents a new accident model developed from a safety information perspective, called the Prediction—Decision—Execution (PDE) accident model. Because the PDE accident model is an emerging accident model that was proposed in 2018, its analysis logic and viability remain to be discussed. Thus, the main contributions of this study include two aspects: (i) detailed explanation of the analysis logic of the PDE accident model, and (ii) case-study examination of the Zhangjiakou fire and explosion accident, a serious accident that occurred in China in 2018, to demonstrate the viability of the PDE accident model. Results show that this is a safety-information-driven accident model that can provide a new and effective methodology for accident analysis and prevention, and safety management.

Keywords: Safety information; Prediction—Decision—Execution (PDE); Accident model; Accident analysis; Accident prevention; Zhangjiakou fire and explosion accident

Lang Huang, Chao Wu, Bing Wang, Qiumei Ouyang,

Big-data-driven safety decision-making: A conceptual framework and its influencing factors,

Safety Science,

Volume 109,

2018,

Pages 46-56,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2018.05.012.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753518300973)

Abstract: Safety data and information are the most valuable assets for organizations’ safety decision-making (SDM), especially in the era of big data (BD). In this study, a conceptual framework for SDM based on BD, known as BD-driven SDM, was developed and its detailed structure and elements as well as strategies were presented. Other theoretical and practical contributions include: (a) the description of the meta-process and interdisciplinary research area of BD-driven SDM, (b) the design of six types of general analytics and five types of special analytics for SBD mining according to different requirements of safety management applications, (c) the analysis of influencing factors of BD-driven SDM, and (d) the discussion of advantages and limitations in this research as well as suggestions for future research. The results obtained from this study are of important implications for research and practice on BD-driven SDM.

Keywords: Big data (BD); Safety big data (SBD); Safety decision-making (SDM); Safety insight (SI); Data-driven

Liangguo Kang, Chao Wu,

Measuring the development of Chinese provincial road safety over the period 2007–2016,

Measurement,

Volume 175,

2021,

109133,

ISSN 0263-2241,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109133.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263224121001603)

Abstract: With a view to analyzing the development of road safety over time, we hereby present an approach for measuring the phenomenon. This method was constructed based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist productivity index (MPI), so it was named the DEA-MPI method. The core of this method is to compare the output-input ratio among decision-making units in order to measure Chinese provincial road safety development from 2007 to 2016. Three road risk indicators are used as the input, and four road accident result indicators as the output. The results show that most provinces have achieved considerable progress in road safety over the last decade. The total factor productivity change (TFPCH) in road safety decomposes into efficiency change (EFFCH) and technical change (TECHCH). The cumulative EFFCH and TECHCH have decreased and increased, respectively, over the last decade. In 2016, China achieved an improvement in road safety productivity 1.433 times greater than it did in 2007, which is greatly attributable to improvement in frontier technology. This study could help scholars to understand the situation of Chinese provincial road safety in the past decade and provide a guide for policymakers on road safety improvement.

Keywords: Road safety; Safety performance; Performance improvement; Road safety productivity; Efficiency change; Technical change

Fang Yan, Kaili Xu,

A set pair analysis based layer of protection analysis and its application in quantitative risk assessment,

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,

Volume 55,

2018,

Pages 313-319,

ISSN 0950-4230,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2018.07.007.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095042301830295X)

Abstract: As an effective risk assessment method, layer of protection analysis (LOPA) is widely used in the evaluation of protection measures, i.e., independent protection layers (IPLs). However, traditional LOPA can only make semi-quantitative assessments for risk. Thus, assessment results with respect to risk will not be accurate or detailed enough, and the evaluation for IPLs may not be scientific or reasonable. By taking advantage of the quantitative analysis of the set pair analysis (SPA), a quantitative LOPA called the set pair analysis-layer of protection analysis (SPA-LOPA) is proposed in this study. The severity of the risk is judged by experts, and expert judgements are reflected by the connection degree (CD) while the corresponding algorithm for the CD is developed. In addition, the diversity degree (DD) and its algorithm are presented to process the CD with respect to the severity, and the assessed severity is measured by the calculated value of the DD. Next, the risk is quantified by the value of the DD and its frequency. Subsequently, the steps of the SPA-LOPA and corresponding assessment flowchart are provided. The SPA-LOPA and semi-quantitative LOPA are utilized to evaluate risks of gas leakage in biomass gasification. It is proved that the SPA-LOPA is more scientific and reasonable in the evaluation for IPLs, based on the comparison results.

Keywords: Layer of protection analysis; Set pair analysis; Connection degree; Diversity degree; Independent protection layer; Quantitative risk assessment

Chao Wu, Lang Huang,

A new accident causation model based on information flow and its application in Tianjin Port fire and explosion accident,

Reliability Engineering & System Safety,

Volume 182,

2019,

Pages 73-85,

ISSN 0951-8320,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2018.10.009.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832017314114)

Abstract: Accident causation models can provide a framework of reference to help understand and explain how an accident occurs. The role of information flow (IF) in accident causation is profound. In this study, an accident causation model was developed and then validated to address the relevant accident-causing mechanisms based on IF. Three steps were followed to develop the new model. Firstly, the roles of IF in system safety were confirmed. Secondly, the principles of accident-causing mechanisms were addressed from the perspective of IF. Thirdly, the system safety factors were classified at the micro-, meso- and macro- levels. At each level, these factors were further divided into six information-centric aspects. The structure of the new model, known as the IF-based Accident-causing Model (IFAM), was constructed based on the hypothesis that any breakdown of IF at each level or between two adjacent levels of a system is the potential causation of accidents. To demonstrate the viability of IFAM, the Tianjin Port fire and explosion accident, which shocked the world and aroused widespread media attention, was selected as the case in this study. Results showed that this model can provide a new idea and method for accident analysis, as well as a new perspective for system safety investigation.

Keywords: System safety; Accident causation model; Information flow; Accident analysis

Rui Huang, Xue Shen, Bing Wang, Xiuping Liao,

Migration characteristics of CO under forced ventilation after excavation roadway blasting: A case study in a plateau mine,

Journal of Cleaner Production,

Volume 267,

2020,

122094,

ISSN 0959-6526,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122094.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652620321417)

Abstract: Multiple toxic gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), are generated after excavation roadway blasting of plateau mines. To eliminate environmental pollution in a timely manner and avoid potential occupational hazards to miners, a three-dimensional unsteady roadway model was established based on field data of the Pulang copper mine in Yunnan province, China. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was used to explore the space-time evolution characteristics of CO under different working conditions, and the grey correlation analysis was applied to study the correlation values of the influencing factors on the CO dispersion coefficient in the roadway. The results demonstrate that in the early stage of the roadway with forced ventilation, the mass concentration of CO in the vortex area near the working area was obviously higher than elsewhere, and in the later stage of ventilation, the mass concentration of CO at the bottom of the roadway was higher than that at the top. The most significant changes of the CO appeared within 500 s before ventilation. The mass-weighted average concentration of CO in the cross-section of the roadway presented a Gaussian-like distribution with respect to the ventilation time. The first stage represented a period of rapid growth, and the second stage exhibited a period of variable speed decline. The ventilation time when the mass concentration of CO in the roadway reached the upper limit of occupational exposure was generally between 700 s and 900 s, and the safe re-entry time was greater than 15 min. The grey correlation analysis revealed that the major influencing factors of CO migration in the roadway of the plateau mine, were, in a descending sequence, as follows: the distance between ventiduct mouth and working face, ventilation volume, and altitude, and the corresponding correlation coefficients were 0.9931, 0.7792, and 0.4366, respectively. The altitude was inversely proportional to the CO dispersion coefficient, and the distance between ventiduct mouth and working face was directly proportional to the ventilation coefficient corresponding to the CO dispersion coefficient. This research can provide guidance on optimising the ventilation design of roadways in plateau mines, thus ensuring the occupational health of cleaners.

Keywords: Plateau mine; Carbon monoxide; Diffusion coefficient; Space-time evolution; Grey relational analysis

Chendi Min, Xibing Li, Suya He, Shitong Zhou, Yanan Zhou, Shan Yang, Ying Shi,

Effect of mixing time on the properties of phosphogypsum-based cemented backfill,

Construction and Building Materials,

Volume 210,

2019,

Pages 564-573,

ISSN 0950-0618,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.187.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061819306749)

Abstract: Mixing time is one of the operational parameters that can affect the rheological and mechanical behaviors of cemented backfill. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mixing time on the cemented backfill process. The backfill mixture consisted of a solid waste phosphogypsum (PG), a hydraulic binder, and water. The fresh slurry of backfill was sampled at seven different mixing times (ranging from 5 to 240 min), and its physical properties including apparent viscosity, electrical conductivity, bulk density, air content, bleeding rate, and setting time were measured. The slurry samples were then filled into molds to prepare hardened backfill samples. The pore structure, microstructure, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the hardened backfill samples were determined at different curing ages. The results indicate that mixing time significantly affects the complete process of backfill, from the fresh slurry to the hardened structure. The optimum mixing time was found to be 60 min, under which the backfill slurry exhibited the best properties, including the lowest apparent viscosity, which enabled easier transport. Furthermore, the optimal slurry also showed the lowest air content and the highest bleeding rate, both of which resulted in a low porosity and consequently a high mechanical strength of the hardened backfill structure. On the other hand, outside of the optimum mixing time, either insufficient mixing or overmixing may lower both the fluidity of the slurry and the strength of the hardened backfill. This study therefore demonstrates that the mixing time is an important factor in the design of an easy-delivery and high-strength backfill system.

Keywords: Mixing time; Cemented backfill; Pore structure; Phosphogypsum

Bing Wang, Chao Wu, Liangguo Kang, Genserik Reniers, Lang Huang,

Work safety in China’s Thirteenth Five-Year plan period (2016–2020): Current status, new challenges and future tasks,

Safety Science,

Volume 104,

2018,

Pages 164-178,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2018.01.012.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753517318593)

Abstract: The problem of work safety greatly affects many parts of the world, especially developing countries such as China. The release of the Thirteenth Five-Year Guideline for National Economic and Social Development in March 2016 marked the beginning of China’s Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (13th FYP) period (2016–2020). Work safety continues to be a national priority. Since the release, a newly important work safety policy, namely the 13th FYP for Work Safety has been announced on February 3, 2017 in accordance with the Thirteenth Five-Year Guideline for National Economic and Social Development. What is the current status, what are new challenges and future tasks of work safety during China’s 13th FYP period? The two key objectives of this paper are: (1) to analyze the current status of work safety in China, and (2) to introduce the new challenges and future tasks during China’s 13th FYP period briefly. Firstly, a statistical analysis of accidents and occupational diseases in recent years in China was carried out, and a brief introduction to safety management on the national level in China has been given to analyze the work safety status in the whole of China. Secondly, combining with the demand for economic and social development in China, and according to the suggestions in the 13th FYP for Work Safety and the current status of work safety in China, the new challenges and future tasks of work safety during China’s 13th FYP period are also introduced. This study can promote the cooperation and exchange of knowledge on work safety between China and other countries to provide evidence-based services for work safety.

Keywords: Work safety; Current status; New challenges; Future tasks; Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (13th FYP); China

Yu Lei, Chao Wu, Yanxi Feng, Bing Wang,

Optimization of multi-level safety information cognition (SIC): A new approach to reducing the systematic safety risk,

Reliability Engineering & System Safety,

Volume 190,

2019,

106497,

ISSN 0951-8320,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2019.106497.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832018314728)

Abstract: ABSTRACT

All systems can be associated with and expressed by information. For a normal system, the correct and smooth information exchange is the necessary condition of a safe system. Based on this, we can deduce that safety information which flows correctly and smoothly in a system is very important for safety. Therefore, the aims of this paper are to reduce the Safety Information Cognition (SIC) asymmetry and the safety risk in a system. Firstly, the process of multi-level SIC was innovatively analyzed from the perspective of the flow structure according to the Bayesian network. Secondly, some strategies and a model for the SIC optimization were creatively proposed based on the graph theory. Finally, the application of the optimization model was illustrated with an example. The optimization effect can be obtained by quantitatively comparing the safety information amount between before and after optimization, and the practical result proves that the optimization model works. In general, the optimization model can optimize the transmission routes of safety information and reduce safety information distortion. Our work can provide a new and effective method to improve the information transmission efficiency of multi-level SIC. It can be applied to safety management to reduce the systematic risk in a certain sense.

Keywords: Safety information cognition (SIC); Multi-level safety information; Transmission efficiency; Optimization model; Risk management

Bing Wang, Yuanjie Wang,

Big data in safety management: An overview,

Safety Science,

Volume 143,

2021,

105414,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105414.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753521002587)

Abstract: Big data has an important influence on safety management in various fields where its applications are becoming more prevalent. The analysis results of big data have become an important reference influencing safety decision-making. Realizing the promising benefits of big data in safety management has motivated us to write a review on the influence of big data and its applications in safety management. This study also investigates the challenges faced by big data in safety management and provides insights to future directions for research and practice. We first briefly introduce the development history of big data and its influence on safety management. We then review the general theories and technologies of big data in safety management. Finally, we summarize the typical applications of big data in safety management according to different fields. Additional findings from the review process are also presented.

Keywords: Safety; Big data; Safety management; Big-data-driven; Industrial safety

Lipeng Wang, Fang Yan, Fang Wang, Zijun Li,

FMEA-CM based quantitative risk assessment for process industries—A case study of coal-to-methanol plant in China,

Process Safety and Environmental Protection,

Volume 149,

2021,

Pages 299-311,

ISSN 0957-5820,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2020.10.052.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582020318553)

Abstract: Coal-to-methanol enterprises in China face many risk factors that pose a serious threat to the safety of the company's production. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct risk assessments of coal-to-methanol plants. A failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a significant analysis method in risk evaluation. However, due to the uncertainty in the risk analysis process, the assessment results may not be sufficiently accurate. To reduce the uncertainty, especially randomness and fuzziness in the evaluation process, a cloud model (CM) is utilized to improve the FMEA, and the FMEA-CM approach is proposed. First, the qualitative language terms are converted into the quantitative numerical characteristics of the cloud model, enabling the fuzziness and randomness in the evaluation process to be comprehensively considered. Second, the cloud weights of S, O and D are calculated by using the interval analytic hierarchy process (IAHP) and the CM. Moreover, the cloud risk priority number (CRPN) is put forward to improve the accuracy of the traditional RPN, and the CRPN algorithm is given. Finally, to rank risk events, the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method, improved by cloud distance based on Hamming distance, is put forward. A coal-to-methanol plant in Yinchuan, China, is introduced to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed FMEA-CM approach. Compared with the results obtained from the traditional FMEA and fuzzy TOPSIS method, the results obtained from the adoption of the FMEA-CM approach show that the FMEA-CM is a more accurate and effective method for the risk assessment of a coal-to-methanol plant.

Keywords: Quantitative risk assessment; Failure mode and effects analysis; Cloud model; Cloud risk priority number; Coal-to-methanol plant

Lang Huang, Chao Wu, Bing Wang,

Challenges, opportunities and paradigm of applying big data to production safety management: From a theoretical perspective,

Journal of Cleaner Production,

Volume 231,

2019,

Pages 592-599,

ISSN 0959-6526,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.245.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652619317810)

Abstract: Big data has caused the scientific community to re-examine the scientific research methodologies and has triggered a revolution in scientific thinking. As a branch of scientific research, production safety management is also exploring methods to take advantage of big data. This research aims to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the application of big data in production safety management. First, four different types of production safety management paradigms were identified, namely small-data-based, static-oriented, interpretation-based and causal-oriented paradigm, and the challenges to these paradigms in the presence of big data were introduced. Second, the opportunities of employing big data in production safety management were identified from four aspects, including better predict the future production safety phenomena, promote production safety management highlight relevance, achieve the balance between deductive and inductive approaches and promote the interdisciplinary development of production safety management. Third, the paradigm shifting trend of production safety management was concluded, and the discipline foundation of the new paradigm was considered as the integration of data science, production management and safety science. Fourth, a new big-data-driven production safety management paradigm was developed, which consists of the logical line of production safety management, the macro-meso-micro data spectrum, the key big data analytics, and the four-dimensional morphology. At last, the strengths (e.g., supporting better-informed safety description, safety inquisition, safety prediction) and future research direction (e.g., theory research focuses on safety-related data mining/capturing/cleansing) of the new paradigm were discussed. The research results not only can provide theoretical and practical basis for big-data-driven production safety management, but also can offer advice to managerial consideration and scholarly investigation.

Keywords: Big data; Production safety management; Big-data-driven; Challenges; Opportunities

Bing Wang, Chao Wu, Lang Huang, Liangguo Kang, Yu Lei,

Safety science as a new discipline in China,

Safety Science,

Volume 121,

2020,

Pages 201-214,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.08.036.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753518305277)

Abstract: The practice and study of safety science in China has a long and prolific history. In China, safety science originated in the early 1950s, soon after the establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. However, the more complete concept, research and practice of safety science were defined after the late 1970s, when China started its full-scale drive for economic reform and policy of openness. In the past decades, particularly in the 21st century, with the support of and encouragement from the Chinese government, safety science in China has undergone many changes and has been developed such that it is now becoming an independent discipline and an important research and practice field. Evidently, the research and practice of safety science in China has been fruitful. However, this was not well known to the world because most of the works addressing safety science were published or introduced in Chinese. Focusing on the discipline level of safety science, this paper provides a complete overview of safety science in China from five perspectives, namely, history, legislation, education, research, and prospects. The paper attempts to promote the cooperation and exchange between China and other countries to provide effective evidence-based services for the development of safety science in countries across the world. However, more detailed research on China’s safety science should be carried out for a deeper understanding of China’s work safety research and development.

Keywords: Safety science; History; Legislation; Education; Research; Prospects; China

Fang Yan, Chao Jin, Zijun Li, Rihong Cao, Kaili Xu,

Research and development of field theory-based three-dimensional risk assessment. Part I: Optimization of risk reduction,

Safety Science,

Volume 120,

2019,

Pages 312-322,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.07.018.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753518318071)

Abstract: Recently, three-dimensional (3D) risk assessment has been developed and considered a significant method for the risk control of severe disasters and accidents. For field theory-based 3D risk assessment, the risk gradient (RG) is a significant concept. Proper mathematical processing of the RG enables the exploration of effective information in 3D risk assessment. Therefore, a novel 3D risk assessment method called the optimization of risk reduction (ORR) is proposed based on field theory in this study. With regard to the ORR, the steepest descent method (SDM) is employed to process the calculation of the RG results, and the optimal risk reduction route (ORRR) is obtained afterwards. Then, the risk isosurface and risk isoline computed by field theory are combined with the ORRR for further analysis and evaluation. The evaluation results are conductive to making decisions regarding risk control. Subsequently, the ORR is used for the 3D risk assessment of fire and explosion accidents caused by storage tanks in a coal chemical industry plant. The optimal evacuation routes and construction planning are determined for risk control based on the evaluation of risks with respect to people. Moreover, evaluation results show that the ORR provides wider application of the proposed method for the risk control of constructions, vehicles and other risk receptors.

Keywords: Three-dimensional risk assessment; Field theory; Optimization of risk reduction; Risk gradient; Steepest descent method; Risk control

Bing Wang, Chao Wu, Lang Huang, Laobing Zhang, Liangguo Kang, Kaixin Gao,

Prevention and control of major accidents (MAs) and particularly serious accidents (PSAs) in the industrial domain in China: Current status, recent efforts and future prospects,

Process Safety and Environmental Protection,

Volume 117,

2018,

Pages 254-266,

ISSN 0957-5820,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2018.04.025.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582018301459)

Abstract: China has been experiencing dynamic industrialization because of rapid economic growth. Even with steady industrial safety improvements in recent years in China, the death rate per accident is increasing, and major accidents (MAs) as well as particularly serious accidents (PSAs) are still occurring every year. Evidently, the risk of industrial accidents, especially of MAs and PSAs is still high. Moreover, China has entered a bottleneck period for the prevention and control of MAs and PSAs. In a word, MAs and PSAs have become a significant challenge for China’s industrial, social, and economic development. In recent years, especially since 2016, great attention of the Chinese government has been given to the prevention and control of MAs and PSAs. China launched its nationwide safety campaigns for firmly curbing MAs and PSAs. Some potentially effective measures and strategies in a series of safety policy documents (e.g., the ‘Guidelines for Comprehensively and Resolutely Curbing MAs and PSAs’ and the ‘Thirteenth-Five-Year Plan for Work Safety’) were also proposed, to reduce MAs and PSAs. Firstly, this paper makes a statistical analysis of China’s MAs and PSAs between the year of 2002 and 2016 to figure out the current status of MAs and PSAs in China. Then this article reviews some latest major events of the prevention and control of MAs and PSAs in China to introduce the recent efforts in the prevention and control of MAs and PSAs in China. Finally, according to a series of safety policy documents in China, and the scientific research literature from other countries, this study gives a brief introduction to the future prospects of the prevention and control of MAs and PSAs in China. Obviously, this study can provide useful evidence and suggestions for the future prevention and control of MAs and PSAs both within China and in other countries.

Keywords: Major accidents (MAs); Particularly serious accidents (PSAs); Prevention and control; Industrial safety; China

Bing Wang, Yuanyuan Zhu, Dinglin Li, Chao Wu,

Evidence-based accident prevention and its application to hazardous chemical storage accident prevention,

Process Safety and Environmental Protection,

Volume 160,

2022,

Pages 274-285,

ISSN 0957-5820,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2022.02.020.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095758202200115X)

Abstract: Many accidents occur owing to decision-making failures in accident prevention. From an information perspective, decision-making failures in accident prevention are due to a lack of necessary information. Moreover, the research–practice gap is a long-standing and common problem in accident prevention. To solve the abovementioned problems to improve accident prevention, this study proposes a new accident prevention approach referred to as evidence-based accident prevention. This approach emphasizes the use of the best accident prevention evidence in the accident prevention decision-making process. It is regarded as a practical approach to avoid the lack of safety information to improve the quality of accident prevention decision-making and narrow the research–practice gap vis-à-vis accident prevention. First, this paper explains that evidence-based accident prevention is based on accident prevention failures from a safety information perspective. Second, this study proposes a model for evidence-based accident prevention. Finally, this study applies an evidence-based accident prevention approach to the prevention of hazardous chemical storage accidents in a paint manufacturing plant in Tianjin, China, as a case study. This study aims to help researchers and practitioners to understand the evidence-based accident prevention approach and lay a foundation for the future study and practice of evidence-based accident prevention.

Keywords: Evidence-based approach; Accident; Accident prevention; Evidence-based accident prevention; Decision-making in accident prevention; Hazardous chemical storage accident

Liangguo Kang, Chao Wu, Xiuping Liao, Bing Wang,

Safety performance and technology heterogeneity in China’s provincial construction industry,

Safety Science,

Volume 121,

2020,

Pages 83-92,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.09.005.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092575351930921X)

Abstract: The technology heterogeneity in the construction industry causes difficulties for an unbiased evaluation of safety performance. The non-parametric and two-hierarchy frontier data envelopment analysis (DEA) model was constructed according to the inputs and outputs of China’s provincial construction industry in 2017. Safety performance and its potential as well as undesirable output potential were analyzed from the aspect of technology gap and management efficiency. The results showed that the average safety performance in China's provincial construction industry was calculated to be 0.715, which was caused by technology gap and management efficiency. Northwest China has good performance in technology gap ratio and Central China performs well in management efficiency. Meanwhile, the strategies to improve safety performance in China's provincial construction industry were developed. In addition, potential of the safety technology gap and safety management efficiency took up 70.18% and 29.82% in terms of the undesirable output control. East, Central, South and Southwest China are the main areas needing to strengthen accident prevention practice. The findings can be used to help scholars understand the condition of safety performance in China's provincial construction industry, and provide guidelines to evaluate the performance in construction safety considering production technology heterogeneity.

Keywords: Safety performance; Technology heterogeneity; Data envelopment analysis; Performance evaluation; Construction safety

Bing Wang,

Using an evidence-based safety approach to develop China’s urban safety strategies for the improvement of urban safety: From an accident prevention perspective,

Process Safety and Environmental Protection,

Volume 163,

2022,

Pages 330-339,

ISSN 0957-5820,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2022.05.037.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582022004335)

Abstract: Accidents (such as hazardous chemical accidents and fires) have adverse effects on urban safety and sustainable development. Many countries, such as China, are making great efforts to develop better urban safety strategies to prevent and mitigate accidents in urban areas and to keep cities safer. At national level, and from an accident prevention perspective, this study uses an evidence-based safety approach to propose potential strategies for China’s urban safety. The contributions include: (1) the identification and discussion of major urban safety problems and challenges in China, and (2) the development of China’s urban safety strategies based on available evidence. This study attempts to provide useful evidence and suggestions for future urban safety management, both within China and in other countries. However, because this paper discusses China’s urban safety at macro level, more detailed studies on China’s urban safety should be carried out for a deeper understanding and a more targeted solution for China’s urban safety.

Keywords: Urban safety; Urban sustainability; Evidence-based safety (EBS) approach; Accident; China

Bing Wang, Chao Wu, Genserik Reniers, Lang Huang, Liangguo Kang, Laobing Zhang,

The future of hazardous chemical safety in China: Opportunities, problems, challenges and tasks,

Science of The Total Environment,

Volume 643,

2018,

Pages 1-11,

ISSN 0048-9697,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.174.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718322502)

Abstract: China is a major country producing and using hazardous chemicals. Unfortunately, the hazardous chemical industry is still one of the most high-risk industries in China. In recent years, especially after two devastating hazardous chemical accidents, namely “Qingdao 11.2 Crude Oil Leaking and Explosion Accident” and “Tianjin Port 8.12 Fire and Explosion Accident” which occurred in 2013 and 2015 respectively, China has attached great importance to hazardous chemical safety. The period between 2016 and 2017 is a crucial period for the future direction of hazardous chemical safety in China because China released a series of important government documents (such as ‘Thirteenth Five-Year (2016–2020) Plan for Hazardous Chemical Safety’ and ‘Comprehensive Plan for Hazardous Chemical Safety Management (December 2016–November 2019)’) to promote hazardous chemical safety in the future. What is the future development of China's hazardous chemical safety? To answer this question, this paper attempts to briefly analyze and introduce the opportunities, problems, challenges and tasks of the future of safety with hazardous chemical industrial activities in China, according to the current situation of hazardous chemical safety in China and using the latest government documents and studies. Obviously, this study can provide useful evidence and suggestions for the future of safety management in the hazardous chemical industry both within China and in other countries.

Keywords: Hazardous chemical safety; Hazardous chemical accidents; China; Problems; Challenges; Future thinking

Bing Wang, Chao Wu,

China: Establishing the Ministry of Emergency Management (MEM) of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) to effectively prevent and control accidents and disasters,

Safety Science,

Volume 111,

2019,

Page 324,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2018.09.008.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753518305617)

Bing Wang, Dinglin Li, Chao Wu,

Characteristics of hazardous chemical accidents during hot season in China from 1989 to 2019: A statistical investigation,

Safety Science,

Volume 129,

2020,

104788,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104788.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753520301855)

Abstract: Because high temperature is one of the main causes of hazardous chemical accidents, these accidents frequently occur in China during hot season (from June to September). Understanding the historical accidents is important for accident prevention and risk mitigation. However, presently, no statistical analysis on the characteristics of China’s hazardous chemical accidents that occurred during hot season is available. Thus, by utilising data from official sources, a statistical investigation on 76 serious hazardous chemical accidents that occurred during hot season in China (1989–2019) was performed in terms of seven aspects: region where the accident occurred, type of accident, types of hazardous chemicals, links of occurrence, size of enterprises, direct cause, and period when the accident occurred. Moreover, according to the statistical results, this paper proposes some potential countermeasures and suggestions to prevent hazardous chemical accidents during hot season in China. This study can provide useful information for preventing hazardous chemical accidents and strengthening preventive measures in chemical plants during hot season in China and in other countries.

Keywords: Hazardous chemical accidents; Statistical investigation; Hot season; China

Bing Wang, Chao Wu, Lang Huang, Liangguo Kang,

Using data-driven safety decision-making to realize smart safety management in the era of big data: A theoretical perspective on basic questions and their answers,

Journal of Cleaner Production,

Volume 210,

2019,

Pages 1595-1604,

ISSN 0959-6526,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.181.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652618335844)

Abstract: How to make an effective safety decision is always a topic of intense interest in the safety management field. Safety-Related Data (SRD) are the most valuable assets for organizations’ Safety Decision-Making (SDM), especially in the era of big data. This paper focuses on the potentially important value of SRD in SDM, and aims to systematically answer some fundamental questions concerning a new paradigm for SDM, known as data-driven SDM, from a theoretical perspective. These questions examine (1) what it is, (2) what its benefits are, (3) what its theoretical foundations are, (4) what its fundamental elements consist of, (5) what factors influencing it are, and (6) how the organization should implement it and realize smart safety management by using it. Other theoretical and practical contributions include a discussion of the problems of traditional SDM approaches and how to solve them, a rationale for creating and studying data-driven SDM, and suggestions for future research. This paper is the first to study the basic questions of data-driven SDM specifically, thus its results hold important implications for future research and practice on data-driven SDM and smart safety management.

Keywords: Safety management; Safety-Related Data (SRD); Safety Decision-Making (SDM); Data-driven

Bing Wang, Chao Wu,

Demystifying safety-related intelligence in safety management: Some key questions answered from a theoretical perspective,

Safety Science,

Volume 120,

2019,

Pages 932-940,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.08.030.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753519312871)

Abstract: In this “intelligence” age, the phrase “intelligence” is a buzzword in many domains. This article focuses on Safety-Related Intelligence (SRI), which differs from safety-related information because it is considered as the actionable safety recommendations deriving from safety-related information. SRI can directly affect safety management (SM). Meanwhile, the ultimate aim behind safety-related information research and practice is producing and applying SRI to drive and guide SM. Therefore, in this information era, SRI is one of the key factors for SM or, in other words, good quality SRI is the life blood of the modern SM. Apparently, SRI has the potential to be the most important SM innovation of the twenty-first century. Unfortunately, since SRI is an emerging concept in the SM field that was formally proposed in 2018, some basic issues regarding SRI still remain to be discussed and explained. The key objective of this paper is to systematically answer four basic questions about SRI from a theoretical perspective, which are: “What is it?” “What are the relationships between it and other concepts (namely, safety-related information and safety analysis)?” “What it does” and “How does the organization use it?” Obviously, this study can not only help researchers and practitioners understand the concept of SRI properly, but also lay a theoretical foundation for the future study and practice of SRI.

Keywords: Intelligence; Safety-Related Intelligence (SRI); Safety-related information; Safety management (SM)

Bing Wang, Miaoting Yun, Qiong Liu, Yuanjie Wang,

Precision safety management (PSM): A novel and promising approach to safety management in the precision era,

Safety Science,

Volume 157,

2023,

105931,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.105931.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753522002703)

Abstract: Precision is the ultimate goal of safety management. Over the past few decades, technological advances and applications (e.g., advances and applications of information technology) in safety management and its research have given safety managers the ability to pursue and realize relatively precise safety management based on sufficient and precise safety information. It can be said that safety management has entered the precision era. Therefore, in the present and future, developing novel approaches to precise prevention and control of safety risks is an inevitable safety management trend. This paper proposed a new and promising approach to safety management called precision safety management (PSM). The main objective of this paper was to answer the following five basic questions regarding PSM from a theoretical perspective: (i) What is PSM? (ii) Why is it necessary to develop PSM? (iii) What are the relationships between PSM and other concepts? (iv) What does PSM do? (v) How does an organization use PSM? Additionally, this paper presented the application of the PSM approach to the precise prevention and control of safety risks in a chemical industrial park as a case study. The main contributions of this paper are a theoretical framework for PSM, and a practical case for PSM. This study can help researchers and practitioners understand PSM and lay the foundation for its future research and practice.

Keywords: Precision; Safety management; precision safety management (PSM); Safety information; Safety risk

Bing Wang, Chao Wu,

Safety informatics as a new, promising and sustainable area of safety science in the information age,

Journal of Cleaner Production,

Volume 252,

2020,

119852,

ISSN 0959-6526,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119852.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652619347225)

Abstract: Safety is a central dimension in contemporary debates on human health, loss prevention, environmental protection, sustainability, and cleaner production. In the information age, especially in the era of big data, safety information is an essential strategy for safety, and safety informatics has become a major research interest and a popular issue in the field of safety science. In recent years, safety informatics—a new area of safety science—has received increasing attention, developing greatly with successful research on the subject. The three key purposes of this paper are: (i) to analyze the historical development of safety informatics, (ii) to review the research progress of safety informatics, and (iii) to review limitations and propose future directions in the field of safety informatics. First, the development process of safety informatics is divided into four typical stages: (i) the embryonic stage (1940–1980), (ii) the initial stage (1980–1990), (iii) the formation stage (1990–2010), and (iv) the deepening stage (2010–present). Then, a review of safety informatics research is provided from seven aspects, including: (i) the discipline construction of safety informatics, (ii) theoretical safety information model, (iii) accident causation model from a safety information perspective, (iv) safety management based on safety information, (v) safety big data, (vi) safety intelligence, and (vii) safety information technology. Finally, limitations and future research directions in the safety informatics area are briefly discussed.

Keywords: Safety science; Information science; Safety information; Safety informatics; Safety 4.0

Ji Ge, Yuyuan Zhang, Kaili Xu, Jishuo Li, Xiwen Yao, Chunying Wu, Shuangyuan Li, Fang Yan, Jinjia Zhang, Qingwei Xu,

A new accident causation theory based on systems thinking and its systemic accident analysis method of work systems,

Process Safety and Environmental Protection,

Volume 158,

2022,

Pages 644-660,

ISSN 0957-5820,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2021.12.036.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582021007102)

Abstract: Major accidents such as the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in the USA, the Bhopal Disaster in India, the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan, and the Tianjin Port fire and explosion accident in China, have occurred all over the world. Safety scientists are always trying to understand why these accidents happened and how to prevent these accidents. Accident models and theories form the basis for many safety research fields and practices. However, there is no universally accepted model with useful elements relating to understanding accident causation, although many accident causation models exist. A new accident causation theory named the Interaction Theory of Hazard-Target System (ITHTS) is proposed based on Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) and Risk Management Framework (RMF), which not only incorporates human, organisational and technological characteristics in the same framework, but also considers the sociological factors such as legislative, regulatory, and cultural factors. On the other hand, a new systemic accident analysis method of work systems (SAAMWS) is proposed based on ITHTS and STAMP because ITHTS cannot be applied directly in accident analysis. We choose Tianjin Port fire and explosion accident as a case study to demonstrate the explanatory power of Interaction Theory of Hazard-target System and the feasibility of the new accident analysis method. Further research needs to be done to assess the reliability and validity of this new systemic accident analysis method.

Keywords: Accident causation model; Risk Management Framework; STAMP; Safety constraint; ITHTS; Systemic accident analysis method

Bing Wang, Yuanjie Wang, Fang Yan, Wei Zhao,

Safety intelligence toward safety management in a big-data environment: A general model and its application in urban safety management,

Safety Science,

Volume 154,

2022,

105840,

ISSN 0925-7535,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.105840.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753522001795)

Abstract: In recent years, safety intelligence, as a new area of safety science, has emerged as the backbone of safety management, thus receiving increasing research attention. Furthermore, big data and other related technologies have exerted considerable influence on safety intelligence and safety management. This study presents this influence of big data on safety intelligence sources, technologies, methodologies, and management systems, and an analysis of the challenges in traditional safety management. Safety intelligence is confirmed to be an important factor that influences safety management (particularly decision-making). A new research paradigm has emerged, namely, intelligence-led safety management (ILSM), which exemplifies the profound influence of safety intelligence on safety management. The value of ILSM and the function of big data in ILSM are also discussed in this study. Based on the concept, definition, connotation, and other relevant knowledge of safety intelligence, a model for ILSM in a big-data environment is proposed. The model involves safety information, data acquisition, and safety intelligence and ILSM processes, aiming to guide the implementation of ILSM in a big-data environment. In addition, an intelligent urban safety management system is mentioned as an application case.

Keywords: Safety intelligence; Safety management; Intelligence-led; Big data; Urban safety

Bing Wang,

Safety intelligence as an essential perspective for safety management in the era of Safety 4.0: From a theoretical to a practical framework,

Process Safety and Environmental Protection,

Volume 148,

2021,

Pages 189-199,

ISSN 0957-5820,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2020.10.008.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582020318000)

Abstract: In the age of big data, intelligence, and Industry 4.0, intelligence plays an increasingly significant role in management or, more specifically, decision making; thus, it becomes a popular topic and is recognised as an important discipline. Hence, safety intelligence (SI) as a new safety concept and term was proposed. SI aims to transform raw safety data and information into meaningful and actionable information for safety management; it is considered an essential perspective for safety management in the era of Safety 4.0 (computational safety science—a new paradigm for safety science in the age of big data, intelligence, and Industry 4.0). However, thus far, no existing research provides a framework that comprehensively describes SI and guides the implementation of SI practices in organisations. To address this research gap and to provide a framework for SI and its practice in the context of safety management, based on a systematic and comprehensive explanation on SI from different perspectives, this study attempts to propose a theoretical framework for SI from a safety management perspective and then presents an SI practice model aimed at supporting safety management in organisations.

Keywords: Safety intelligence (SI); Safety big data; Safety 4.0; Safety management; Safety decision-making