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棉花黄萎病(Verticillium Wilt of Cotton)是一种土传性的维管束系统病害,严重影响棉花的产量、棉纤维的长度和强度(Erdogan et al., 2006),在世界各棉花产区均有分布且防治极为困难(沈其益,1992)。危害棉花的轮枝菌有五个种,其中对棉花危害最为严重的是大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae Kleb.)和黑白轮枝菌(Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthold)(沈其益,1992),而我国棉花黄萎病菌均为大丽轮枝菌(张绪振等,1981)。微菌核是大丽轮枝菌在土壤中的主要存活结构,其形成的数量及存活情况直接影响着棉花黄萎病的发生为害程度(Wilhem,1955;Schreiber and Green, 1962; Green, 1969)。微菌核是深入开展相关研究工作的基础,为此我们建立了可大量快速产生微菌核的方法。我们研究发现,适合于棉花黄萎病菌微菌核大量产生的培养基为基础改良培养基(BMM)、pH值为9.5-11.5、温度为20℃。在该条件下,15个大丽轮枝孢菌株在接种后第12d即可产生大量的微菌核,不同菌株产生微菌核的数量及大小间存在着显著的差异,但均与病菌的致病性无相关性(白应文等,2011)。微菌核萌发时采用新一代Solexa测序技术研究了微菌核萌发时及未萌发时在全基因组范围内的基因表达谱,获得了740万个cDNA标签,有1283个差异表达基因,其中3.9%的基因(813)上调倍数超过5倍,2.3%的基因(470)下调倍数超过5倍。初步推断G蛋白偶联受体、脂肪酶/酯酶、单环戊酮1,2 -单加氧酶、葡聚糖 1,3-β-糖苷酶、乙醇脱氢酶可能在大丽轮枝菌微菌核的萌发过程中起到重要作用(Hu et al., 2011, 2013;商文静等,2013; Hu et al., 2014)。
Rong Fan, StevenKlosterman, Conghao Wang, Krishna Subbarao, Xiangming Xu, Wenjing Shang, Xiaoping Hu*. Vayg1is required for microsclerotiuma formation and melanin production in Verticillium dahliae. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 2017, 98:1-11.
Xiaoping Hu, Suraj Gurung, Dylan P.G.Short, German V. Sandoya, Wenjing Shang, Ryan J. Hayes, R. Michael Davis,Krishna V. Subbarao. Nondefoliating and defoliating strains from cotton correlatewith races 1 and 2 of Verticillium dahliae. Plant Disease, 2015, 99(12): 1713-1720.
Feng Wei, Wenjing Shang, Jiarong Yang, Xiaoping Hu*, Xiangming Xu*. Spatialpattern of Verticillium dahliaemicrosclerotia and cotton plants with wilt symptoms in commercial plantations. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10(7): e0132812.
Dongfang Hu, Chunsheng Wang, Fei Tao, Qian Cui, XiangmingXu, Wenjing Shang*,and Xiaoping Hu*. Whole genome wideexpression profiles on germination of Verticillium dahliae microsclerotia. PLoS ONE, 2014, 9(6): e100046.
Feng Wei, Rong Fan, Haitao Dong, Wenjing Shang, Xiangming Xu, Heqin Zhu, Jiarong Yang, and Xiaoping Hu*. Threshold Microsclerotial Inoculum for Cotton Verticillium Wilt Determined through Wet-sieving and Real-time Quantitative PCR. Phytopathology, 2015, 105: 220-229.
Short DPG, Gurung S, Hu X, Inderbitzin P, Subbarao KV. Maintenance of sex-related genes and the co-occurrence of both mating types in Verticillium dahliae. PLoS ONE, 2014, 9(11):e112145.
Xiaoping Hu, Yinwen Bai, Ting Chen, Dongfang Hu, Jiarong Yang, Xiangming Xu*. Anoptimized method for in vitro production of Verticillium dahliae microsclerotia. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2013, 136(2): 225-229.
Yingwen Bai, Dongfang Hu, Xiaoping Hu*, Junxing Zhao, Heqin Zhu, Jiarong Yang. Formation conditions for microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae. Mycosystema, 2011, 30(5): 695-701.
Shang WJ, Wei F, Hu DF, Cheng T, Wang CS, Hu XP. Genes regulating microsclerotia germination of Verticillium dahliae. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2013, 43(S): 532-533.
白应文. 大丽轮枝菌微菌核生物学特性研究. 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文,2011.
胡东芳. 大丽轮枝菌微菌核萌发的基因表达谱分析及相关基因功能验证. 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文,2012.
陈婷. VDH1和GPCR基因在大丽轮枝菌微菌核发育过程中的功能研究. 西北农林科技大学硕士论文,2013.
商文静,陈婷,白应文,杨家荣,胡小平*. 大丽轮枝菌微菌核的萌发条件及致死温度. 菌物学报,2013,32(6): 986-992.
商文静,魏锋,冯小军,朱荷琴,杨家荣,胡小平*. 棉田大丽轮枝菌微菌核的空间分布及其抽样技术[J]. 西北农业学报,2014,23(4): 192-197.
徐小鸿. 大丽轮枝菌CPMO基因的敲除. 西北农林科技大学本科毕业论文,2014.
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