人才成长有没有规律？这是一个困惑科学界的老问题。

清华大学校长顾秉林认为，人才没有所谓的成长规律。他听说丹麦波尔研究所出了不少诺贝尔奖得主，所以选择到丹麦留学。当然，他没有到波尔研究所读博士，所以也没有将那里培养诺贝尔奖得主的传统带回来。

倒是与中国相邻的日本，出了个仁科芳雄，他去了玻尔研究所，师从波尔，并将该研究所的传统带回了日本，培养出了朝永振一郎，此君于1965年因在量子电动力学基础理论研究方面的成就分享了诺贝尔物理学奖。据说日本的其他几位日本诺贝尔物理奖获奖者与仁科及其研究室有着师承关系。

于是，中国也开始着手研究“当代中国科学家学术谱系”，希望找出科技人才的成长规律。

科学家学术谱系自然是存在的。笔者导师朱克曼教授的《科学精英》一书中就提到过。笔者在研究中国科学精英时也发现了苏步青的微分几何学派谱系和叶企孙、吴有训、饶毓泰等的清华-北大-西南联大的物理学谱系（见下图）。

CAS Members Who Had Physics Training at Qinghua, Beijing, and Southwest Associated Universities

                                Qinghua University (1920-37)                                         Beijing University (1920-37)

Faculty                   Ye Qisun*                             Wu Youxun*                        Yutai Rao*

                                (PhD, Harvard, 1923)           (PhD, Chicago, 1926)           (PhD, Princeton, 1922)

                                Zhou Peiyuan*                     Zhao Zhongyao*

                                (PhD, Cal Tech, 1928)          (PhD, Cal Tech, 1930)

Students                Wang Ganchang (1929)*

                                Zhou Tongqing (1929)*#

                                Fu Chengyi (1929)*#

                                Gong Zutong (1930)**

                                Wang Zhuxi (1933)*

                                Zhao Jiuzhang (1933)*#

                                Lu Xueshan (1933, graduate)*

                                Weng Wenbo (1934)**                                     

                                Zhang Zhongsui (1934)*

                                Peng Huanwu (1935)*                                                         Guo Yonghuai (1935)*

                                Qian Weichang (1935)*

                                Qian Sanqiang (1936)*                                                        Ma Dayou (1936)*

                                Wang Daheng (1936)*

                                He Zehui (1936)**

                                Ge Tingsui (1937)*

                                Zhang Enqiu (1938)**#

                                Chen Fangyun (1938)**#

 Southwest Associated University (1938-46)

                                                                Hu Ning (1938)**

                                                                Dai Chuanzeng (1942)**

                                                                Li Yinyuan (1943)**

                                                                Jin Jianzhong (1944)**

                                                                Huang Kun (1944, graduate)*

                                                                Deng Jiaxian (1945)**

                                                                Zhu Guangya (1945)**

                                Qinghua University (1946-52)                                         Beijing University (1946-52)

                                Wang Zhuqia (1948; 1950, graduate)**                           Yu Ming (1949)**

                                Li Deping (1948)***

                                Zhou Guangzhao (1951)**

                                He Zuoxiu (1951)**

                                Hu Renyu (1952)***

                                Pu Fuke (1952)***

                                Huang Shengnian (1952)***

Notes      *              Appointed in 1955-57.

                **           Elected in 1980.

                ***         Elected in 1991 election.

                #              In divisions other than Mathematics and Physics.

问题在于，中国科学家学术谱系能给我们多少正面的启迪？比如，谱系中的子、孙辈有多少超过了他们的老师？苏步青说他很欣慰，因为学生超过了他。大家信不信呢？

研究中国科学家学术谱系恐怕更应该关注能从中吸收多少负面的教训。如果一味地强调师承关系，而不引入学生挑战老师的精神，又不从体制上避免近亲繁殖，中国科学家不可能青出于蓝而胜于蓝。


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