Wu Guolin, Philosophy of Quantum Technology.

Guangzhou: South ChinaUniversity of Technology Press, 2016.

Wu Guolin

Ph.D, Professor, South ChinaUniversity of Technology(SCUT)

Dean, Institute for Advanced Study in Science,Technology and Philosophy(IASSTP), SCUT

Director, Research  Center for Philosophy ofScience and Technology, SCUT

President, Chinese Association for Philosophy of Physics(CAPP)

Convenor, Southern Forum for Philosophy

e-mail: ssglwu@scut.edu.cn

Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China

Contents

Chap.1  Thefoundation of quantumtechnology......................................................... 1

    §1  The foundation of quantum mechanics .......................................................................1

1. The birthof quantum ................................................................................... 1

2. Basicproperties of microscopic particles.......................................................... 3

3. The state space and Dirac notation.................................................................. 9

      4. The basic hypothesis of quantum mechanics       ..........................................................13

 §2 The basic problem of quantum measurement...........................................................15

1. Orthogonalprojection measurement hypothesis.........................................................15

2. generalizedmeasurement hypothesis..........................................................................16

3. quantumnon destructive measurement........................................................................17

4. measurementof quantum control................................................................................18

5. Quantumzeno effect and measurement .....................................................................19

§3  The foundation ofQuantum information theory ........................................................21

       1. Bit and quantum bits. ..................................................................................................21

       2. The meaning of quantumentanglement......................................................................23

       3. Spontaneous parametricdown-conversion..................................................................25

       4. A particle preparation of quantumentanglement.........................................................27

       5. The process of quantum transmissionand analysis.....................................................29

       6. Quantum entanglementswapping...............................................................................32

       7. Open to contact transmission andsuperluminal..........................................................34

       8. In what sense there is superluminalof quantum information.....................................35

§ 4 GroupTheory.............................................................................................................38

§ 5 Manifolds and Liegroup.............................................................................................44

Chap. 2 The philosophicaldiscussion of quantum information...........................................47

§1 Can quantuminformation be boiled downto the classical information？..................47

§2 Quantum information transmission canbe boiled downto a classic information one ? ..............................................................................................................................................52

§3  Only quantuminformation is theepistemological one? .............................................54

§4  Therelationship between quantum and classical information. ...................................58

Chap.3The sense of quantumtechnology .................................................................................62

§1 The evolution of the sense of technology.....................................................................62

§2  The basicforms ofquantum technology......................................................................64

§3  Therelation and distinction between quantum and classical technology....................67

§4  Thephilosophical thinking of quantum technology.....................................................69

       1. Quantum technology is autonomous?..........................................................................69

       2. The relationship between quantumtechnology and control .......................................71

Chap.4 Quantum black box and quantum computing and their significance  .................75

§1 The sense of computational complexity and itsrelated concepts................................75

§2  The basicconcepts ofquantum gate............................................................................80

       1. One bit of basic logicgates.........................................................................................81

       2. Two bit of basic logicgates.........................................................................................82

       3. Three bit of Toffoli logicgates....................................................................................83

§3 Quantumblack box.......................................................................................................84

       1. The Deutsch Problem..................................................................................................84

       2. The Deutsch-Jozsa problem of quantumalgorithm ....................................................86

       3. The Simonproblem.....................................................................................................88

      4. The role of quantum black box in Grove's algorithm..................................................89

§4  The basiccharacteristics of quantum computing..........................................................91

       1. Quantum storage is of large storagecapacity...............................................................92

       2. Quantum computing is ofparallelism..........................................................................93

       3. Some quantum algorithms is of acceleratingability ...................................................95

§5  Twophilosophical significance ofquantumcomputing...............................................98

       1. Quantum algorithm to overcome the computationalcomplexity of enlightenment..98

       2. The meaning of quantum computing oflarge data....................................................102

Chap.5  Nonlocality, causation, and quantum control.........................................................104

§1 The concept of nonlocality.........................................................................................104

§2  Process and events: the new angle ofthings..............................................................110

§3  Mackie model and Suppes model..............................................................................112

  1. The Mackie INUS condition model..........................................................................113

  2. The Suppes probability model..................................................................................116

§4  Bunge events theory and state space modelof causation.........................................118

§5  Causation analysis in the process of teleportation....................................................121

§6  The discussions of nonlocalityand quantum control...............................................123

Chap.6 The basic concepts of quantum control ..................................................................126

§1  The origin of quantum control theory ......................................................................126

§2  The basic forms of quantumcontrol..........................................................................129

   1. Open-loop control....................................................................................................130

   2. Closed-loop control.................................................................................................132

§3  The basic models of quantum control andmodeling.................................................134

   1. The basic models of quantum controlsystem...........................................................134

   2. The modeling of quantum control system...............................................................137

§4  Bilinear systems andcontrollability...........................................................................138

   1. A finite dimensional bilinear model of aquantum system.......................................138

   2. (Blinear systems) Liealgebra...................................................................................140

   3. The concept of controllability..................................................................................142

§5  The characteristics of quantumcontrol.....................................................................146

   1. The control object isdifferent..................................................................................146

   2. The information flow in control systemis different................................................146

   3. The control theory isdifferent..................................................................................147

   4. The feedback control is different..............................................................................147

   5. The relations between control system andthe environment is different..................148

Chap.7 The quantum control system and itssignificance .......................................................149

§1  The controllability ofeigenstates...............................................................................149

   1. The meaning of eigenstatecontrol............................................................................149    

   2. The open-loop control of the eigenstatecontrolled system......................................150

§2  The quantum control based on quantuminformation................................................155

   1. The coherent quantumfeedback...............................................................................155

   2. The quantum feedback control based onthe quantum cloning and state identification.................................................................................................................................156

   3. The quantum control based on the quantumteleportation ......................................159

§3  The complexity of quantum controlsystem...............................................................160

   1. The composition of quantum controlsystem...........................................................160

   2. Quantum control system's structure iscomplex.........................................................161

   3. Quantum control system isuncertainty.....................................................................161

   4. Quantum control system's information isnonlinear..................................................162

   5. Quantum control system is open ..............................................................................163

§4  The philosophical thinking of quantum controlsystem ............................................164

   1. The sense and structure of quantumcontrol.............................................................164

   2. The relationship between state, controland quantum system..................................167

   3. The meaning of real quantuminformation...............................................................171

   4. The influence of the quantum measurementto quantum control system ...............172

Chap.8The meaning of quantumtechnology to quantum mechanics measurement problems .....................................................................................................................................173

§1  The characteristics of the unitary evolutionof the quantum system ........................173

§2  The quantum measurement can be controlled insome sense....................................176

§3  The phenomenological meaning of quantumcontrol ...............................................179

Chap.9 The realistic analysis of wavefunction .......................................................................182

§1  The preliminary investigation of the wavefunction...................................................182

§2  What does the quantum control system control?.........................................................186

§3  The wave function iscontrollable...............................................................................187

§4  The wave function is of entity-structure.....................................................................190

Chap.10The role of theinterpretation of quantum mechanics in quantum technology ......193

§1  The physics'interpretation...........................................................................................193

   1. From the semantics science to science asa whole....................................................194

   2. Physics'interpretation ..............................................................................................195

§2  Several basic interpretations of quantummechanics..................................................197

   1. The Copenhageninterpretation.................................................................................197

   2. The Bohm quantuminterpretation............................................................................197

   3. The Decoherence interpretation...............................................................................200

   4. The modalinterpretation..........................................................................................200

   5. The Many-worldsinterpretation..............................................................................202

  §3 Phenomenological reduction of interpretation of quantummechanics......................203

§4  The interpretation of quantum mechanics andtechnological conditions ..................205

   1. Technical functionscondition..................................................................................206

   2. The transmission of quantumteleportation..............................................................208

   3. Engineering sketchescondition................................................................................210

§5  How to choose interpretation of quantummechanics with several conditions .........210

   1. Technical conditions chooseinterpretation of quantum mechanics. ......................211

   2. Additional information condition.............................................................................213

Chap. 11  Phenomenologyand quantum mechanics............................................................215

   §1 The phenomenological concepts in the view of quantum mechanics ....................216

        1. Quantum phenomenon and phenomenonof phenomenology................................216

        2. Intuition and quantum phenomena.........................................................................217

        3. To the thingitself...................................................................................................218

        4. The self and outside................................................................................................221

        5. Object and the objective entity.................................................................................222

        6. Some comments .....................................................................................................222

   §2 Phenomenology and the interpretation of quantum mechanics measurement.........223

   §3 The role of self and its meaning for the quantum measurement .............................227

Chap. 12Theontological analysis of the wave function..........................................................231

   §1 The being and ontological differences......................................................................231

   §2 The wave function as being......................................................................................234

   §3 From being to the beings..........................................................................................237

   §4 The relationship between being and information.....................................................239

Chap. 13  Theontological analysis of quantum technology .................................................241

   §1 The hiden variables .................................................................................................241

        1. EPR argument and Bell'sinequality........................................................................241

        2. Kochen-Specker theorem........................................................................................245

   §2 Reality and entity: a newperspective.......................................................................247

        1. Relationship between the entity andreality in EPR correlation and delayed-choies experiment ...................................................................................................................................247

        2. Relationship between the entity andreality in the AB effect...................................248

   §3 The field and potential...............................................................................................252

        1. The AB effect and its discussion..............................................................................252

        2. The basic thought of quantum fieldtheory .............................................................256

        3. Further discussion...................................................................................................257

   §4 The Structuralrealism..............................................................................................260

        1. The structure realism ofcognition..........................................................................260

        2. The entity structural realism....................................................................................263

        3. The ontic structural realism....................................................................................264

   §5 The reality problem of quantum technology...........................................................266

        1. The meaning of quantum entanglementto quantum technology. ..........................266

        2. The reality of quantum technology:the unity of structural, compositional and functional reality ...........................................................................................................................268

Chap. 14 Theepistemology and teleology of quantum technology ......................................273

   §1 The epistemological meaning of of quantum black box...........................................273

   §2  Therelationship between the uncertainty and quantum information.........................277

        1. From classical information toquantum information................................................277

        2. The correlation degree of quantumentanglement....................................................279

        3. Quantum information is theelimination of uncertainty...........................................281

   §3 The nature of quantumtechnology............................................................................287

   §4 The purpose of quantum technology........................................................................292

Chap. 15  The logic andmethodology analysis of quantum technology ..............................296

   §1 Two basic types of quantum logic............................................................................296

        1. Three values' quantum logic...................................................................................298        

        2. Orthogonal modular lattice'squantum logic...........................................................302    

   §2 Quantum logic gate is the result of the quantum logic?...........................................304

   §3 General investigation of quantum technology method.............................................306

        1. The quantum technology method basedon the classical technology.......................306

        2. The mathematical methods of quantumtechnology.................................................307

        3. The entanglement method of quantumtechnology..................................................309

        4. The model method of the quantumtechnology .......................................................309

   §4 Some thinking about methodology of quantum technology.....................................311

        1. The system of quantum technologymethods...........................................................311

        2. The intentionality of quantumtechnology...............................................................311

        3. The problem of logical foundationof quantum technology...................................313

        4. The philosophical foundation ofquantum technology ..........................................313

Chap. 16 The quantumstates, resources and technology..................................................314

   §1  Quantumstate: quantum resources........................................................................314

   §2 Ecological technology from the technology itself.................................................318

   §3  The meaningof quantum technology to ecological technology..............................322

   §4 The quantum technological revolution and quantum industry................................325

References....................................................................................................................................327

The index......................................................................................................................................334

Afterword.....................................................................................................................................341