输尿管阻断可以引起肾脏积水和组织受压迫而萎缩，严重的甚至可以导致肾脏功能障碍或尿毒症。有先天性也有后天性，先天性多见于畸形，后天则多见于结石，也有因炎症导致输尿管狭窄。

治疗这类疾病最理想的方法是减压，但肾脏组织损伤往往无法完全避免，而且目前也缺乏有效的药物治疗手段。

哈尔滨医科大学姜大鹏教授课题组最近开展氢气对泌尿系统疾病的研究，已经先后发表3篇相关研究论文，过去发表的论文是睾丸扭转和睾丸辐射损伤，最近刚发表一篇采用氢气治疗输尿管阻断引起的肾脏损伤的研究论文，论文发表在国际免疫药理学杂志上。研究采用大鼠单侧输尿管结扎模型，通过检测肾脏组织细胞凋亡、间质纤维化、炎症细胞浸润和氧化相关指标。研究结果发现注射氢气生理盐水可以对上述指标有改善作用。研究提示，氢气对输尿管阻塞引起的肾脏损伤具有治疗作用。

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Hydrogen-rich saline ameliorates renal injury induced by unilateralureteral obstruction in rats.

Xu B, Zhang YB, Li ZZ, Yang MW, Wang S, Jiang DP.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Second AffiliatedHospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, 150086, Harbin, China.

Hydrogen has been demonstrated to have effective protectionagainst tissue injuries caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, andapoptosis. This study investigated the efficacy of hydrogen-rich saline (HS) onthe prevention of renal injury induced by unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO)in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: shamgroup, UUO group, UUO+saline group, and UUO+HS group. UUO was induced byligation of the left ureter. 5ml/kg HRSS or saline was administered beginning1day after UUO and for 10days thereafter. Rats were killed at 10days after UUO.Left kidneys were excised immediately for the tissue histologic examinationsand biochemical assays. Renal injury scores in the UUO group and the UUO+salinegroup were significantly higher compared with those in the sham group. However,administration of HS significantly reduced the injury score. Apoptosis indexwas significantly increased in UUO group and the UUO+saline group. HS treatmentalso reduced the apoptosis index. Interstitial fibrosis and macrophageinfiltration were obvious in UUO kidneys. However, HS treatment significantlyreduced the fibrosis and infiltration of macrophage in UUO kidneys. Significantincrease in the MDA level and decrease in the SOD activity were observed in UUOgroup and the UUO+saline group. MDA level of UUO+HS group was significantlyreduced. In addition, SOD activity of was significantly improved aftertreatment of HS. The data provide a biochemical and histologic basis for HSacting as a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing the renal injury inducedby UUO.

该小组曾经发表氢气研究相关论文

1.       Jiang Z,Xu B, Yang M, Li Z, Zhang Y, Jiang D. Protection by hydrogen against gammaray-induced testicular damage in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2013Mar;112(3):186-91. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.12016. Epub 2012 Nov 1.

2.       Jiang D,Wu D, Zhang Y, Xu B, Sun X, Li Z. Protective effects of hydrogen rich salinesolution on experimental testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. JUrol. 2012 Jun;187(6):2249-53. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.01.029. Epub 2012 Apr13

3.       Xu B,Zhang YB, Li ZZ, Yang MW, Wang S, Jiang DP. Hydrogen-rich saline amelioratesrenal injury induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats. IntImmunopharmacol. 2013 Jul 16. doi:pii: S1567-5769(13)00288-9.10.1016/j.intimp.2013.06.033. [Epub ahead of print]