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总是有一些负面的刻板印象和地域歧视联系在一起,如《超市拒聘河南东北人称前者口碑差后者能惹事》新闻中所看到的那样。虽然这种地域歧视为正直、理性的人们所唾弃,但要想在短期内改变某种负面的形象却不是一件易事,因为这种刻板印象有其深刻的心理和社会原因。
美国乔尔查农(Joel Charon)著、汪丽华译《社会学与十个大问题》中就“刻板印象”时说到,刻板印象不是想去理解,而是想去赞扬或批评的分类,这种判断有强烈的感情偏好。刻板印象倾向于一种绝对的分类。刻板印象倾向于是一种在观察者的心目中掩盖了所有其他分类的分类,将人视作为简单化的和单维度的分类。刻板印象不会随着新证据的出现而改变。刻板印象或者是通过文化节被获得并简单地被人们所接受,或者是通过不加批判地接受一些具体人物的体验被创造出来。刻板印象不鼓励人们去寻求理解,而是夸大和评判差异。在其背后总是有一种潜在的假设:这就是那些人会这样行事的方式,这是他们本质的一部分,没有理由去理解那一差异的原因。
刻板印象(Stereotype):The term itself, ‘Stereotype’, comes from the Greek words, ‘stereos‘ meaning ‘solid’ and ‘typos‘ meaning ‘impression’ and translates to give us ‘Solid Impression’. It was first used in 1798 for printing but evolved to give the modern use in English in 1922. Even though the term is used widely in psychology, we are all familiar with or has experienced the social context of the word. It is a word filled with feelings of discrimination and derives from prejudice and ignorance. Most of the time, it is used to separate unwanted people from certain groups through convincing individuals with unreal statements. Stereotypes are favored by some people who like the idea of discrimination. They use it in order to impose ideas about others related to their origins or groups they come from. However most of the time these stereotypes turn out not to apply to the individuals as no one can be represented by others since we are all unique. 见:Modern Stereotyping Machines 。
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