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何谓Wolf奖? 精选

已有 15797 次阅读 2007-10-24 12:49 |个人分类:科研点滴启发|系统分类:科研笔记


Wolf化学奖简介

前段时间诺贝尔化学奖颁发,Gerhard Ertl独得此奖!关于这方面的报道很多,其中有一点提及“1998年的Wolf化学奖,就是Gerhard Ertl和Gabor A. Somorjai二人合得的”,为此很多人为Gabor A. Somorjai没有获得诺贝尔化学奖而鸣不平!( G. Ertl和G. A. Somorjai教授同时获得Wolf奖,却只由Ertl一个人独得2007年的诺贝尔奖,这本身是一件让人意外的事情。今日一时心奇,搜索了一下Wolf化学奖(早先并不了解,一搜才发现Wolf化学奖可不是简单的奖,哈哈)。于是将Wolf化学奖相关资料汇总:

伍尔佛基金会奖(Wolf Foundation Prizes)

       宗旨:成立于1978年,为前古巴派驻以色列外交家、发明家、慈善家Dr. Ricardo Wolf发起,为奖励杰出科学家、艺术家对人类的贡献,不论国籍、种族、性别、政治信念。

  奖赏以下列领域为主:农业、化学、数学、医药、物理及艺术。艺术奖又分:建筑、音乐及绘画雕刻三类,轮次举行颁发。每奖奖金为十万美元。执行 以来已名扬国际,得奖者如Bruce Nauman(1993雕刻),Gerhard Richter(1995绘画),James Turrell(1998雕刻)皆为名躁国际间当代艺术家。

  地址:Wolf Foundation 56 Kidushei Ha'shoa St. PO Box 398 46103 Herzlia Bet, Israel
Tel: 972-9-955-7120  Fax: 972-9-954-1253
E-mail:wolffund@netvision.net.il

  网站: http://www.aquanet.co.il/wolf
                          http://www.wolffund.org.il/main.asp
                          http://www.wolffund.org.il/wolfpriz.html

  评选方式:邀请国际间相关权威人士,每项组成三人评审团。每年更换人选。


沃尔夫奖 - Wolf Prize

由沃尔夫基金会(the wolf foundation)颁发,该基金会1976年在以色列创立,创始人沃尔夫(ricardo wolf)是外交家、实业家和慈善家。

沃尔夫奖主要是奖励对推动人类科学与艺术文明做出杰出贡献的人士,每年评选一次,分别奖励在农业、化学、数学、医药和物理领域,或者艺术领域中的建筑、音乐、绘画、雕塑四大项目之一中取得突出成绩的人士。

沃尔夫奖具有终身成就性质,是世界最高成就奖之一。1978年开始颁奖。

华裔沃尔夫奖得主

吴健雄(物理,1978)
陈省身(数学,1983)
杨祥发(农业,1991)
袁隆平(农业,2004)
钱永健(医学,2004)


沃尔夫奖简介

197611日,R.沃尔夫(Ricardo Wolf)及其家族损献一千万美元成立了沃尔夫基金会,其宗旨主要是为了促进全世界科学、艺术的发展。R.沃尔夫1887年生于德国,其父是德国汉诺威城的一位五金商人,也是该城犹太社会的名流。R.沃尔夫曾在德国研究化学,并获得博士学位。第一次世界大战前移居古巴。他用了将近20年的时间,经过大量试验,历尽艰辛,成功地发明了一种从溶炼废渣中回收铁的方法,从而成为百万富翁。19611973年他曾任古巴驻以色列大使,以后定居以色列。他是沃尔夫基金会的倡导者和主要捐献人。R.沃尔夫于1981年逝世。基金会的理事会主席由以色列政府官员担任。评奖委员会由世界著名科学家组成。沃尔夫基金会设有:数学、物理、化学、医学、农业五个奖(1981年又增设艺术奖)。1978年开始颁发,通常是每年颁发一次,每个奖的奖金为10万美元,可以由几人分得。自1978年到1990年已有24位数学家获得沃尔夫数学奖。由沃尔夫数学奖具有终身成就的性质,所以这24位数学家都是蜚声数坛、闻名遐迩的当代数学大师,他们的成就在相当程度上代表了当代数学的水平和进展。

沃尔夫奖一年举行一次。

以下内容来自BBS 未名空间站

1982 John C. Polanyi, Nobel Prize in 1986;
1984/5 Rudolph A. Marcus, Nobel Prize in 1992;
1986 Elias James Corey, Nobel Prize in 1990;
1991 Richard R. Ernst, Nobel Prize in 1991;
1992 John Pople, Nobel Prize in 1998;
1993 Ahmed H. Zewail, Nobel Prize in 1999;
2001 Ryoji Noyori, K. Barry Sharpless, Nobel Prize in 2001,

上面这些都和生物没啥关系, 考虑到炸药这20年和生物相关得占1/3强1/2弱一些, 剩下这些拿炸药得化学家一半都先拿过Wolfe Prize了, 而且一般提前不超过10年.

最近得剩下得一些Wolfe Prize:
1994 Richard Lerner, Peter Schultz
1995 Gilbert Stork, Samuel J. Danishefsky
1998 Gerhard Ertl, Gabor A. Somorjai
1999 Raymond U. Lemieux
2000 F. Albert Cotton
2004 Harry B. Gray
2005 Richard N. Zare
2006/7 Ada Yonath, George Feher,

近一步筛选一下:
1995 Gilbert Stork, Samuel J. Danishefsky, 这个像是终身成就得那种获理由不是很明确基本不可能.
2000 F. Albert Cotton, 老先生卦了.
2004 Harry B. Gray, Electron Transfer已经给Marcus了
2005 Richard N. Zare,本来是该和Zewail一起拿得.

排除了4个剩下我觉得都是今年得热门:
1994 Richard Lerner, Peter Schultz, catalytic antibody.
1998 Gerhard Ertl, Gabor A. Somorjai, 尤其是后者, surface chemistry and
heterogeneous catalysis, 刚提名得2008 Priestley.
1999 Raymond U. Lemieux, synthesis of sucrose. 如果是jacs2同学希望得
carbohydrate得, 这个希望很大(实际上是没可能已经卦了7年了-引cds)
2006/7 Ada Yonath, George Feher, 尤其是前者, atomic structure of ribosome, 非常对炸药胃口,不过去年就是structural biology.

最后给这四个排个序:
Lerner+Schultz>Somorjai>Yonath>Lemieux.

以上没提别的就是专门针对wolf prize分析出来得, 希望老大们拍砖补充.


官方介绍
ENERAL INFORMATION  

The Wolf Foundation began its activities in 1976, with an initial endowment fund of $10 million donated by the Wolf family. The Foundation抯 founders and major donors were Dr. Ricardo Subirana y Lobo Wolf and his wife Francisca. Annual income from investments is used for prizes, scholarships and Foundation operating expenses.

 

The Foundation has a status of a private not-for-profit organization. Its objectives and prize administration details and procedures are grounded in the 揥olf Foundation Law-1975?. Israel State Comptroller oversees all Foundation抯 activities. In accordance with the above-mentioned Law, the Minister of Education and Culture acts as Chairman of the Council. 

 

Foundation Trustees, Council and Committee Members, Prize Juries, and Internal Auditor, all perform their duties on a voluntary basis.

 

THE AIMS OF THE FOUNDATION

The aims of the Foundation, as stated by the Law, are:

1.    To award prizes to outstanding scientists and artists--irrespective of nationality, race, color, religion, sex or political views--for achievements in the interest  of mankind and friendly relations among peoples;

2.     To award scholarships to undergraduate and graduate students, and grants to scientists engaged in research at Israeli institutions of higher education. 

 

TAX EXEMPTION IN ISRAEL

As a charitable not-for-profit organization, the Wolf Foundation is tax-exempt. The Wolf Foundation Law - 1975 states that 揳 contribution made by any person to the Foundation shall be deducted from his income chargeable with income tax,? and that 揳 person who has received a prize, scholarship, or grant, from the Foundation, shall be exempt from income tax, or any other tax thereon.?

 

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

 

Chairman

ZEEV SCHLEISNER          

Petach Tikva, Israel

Deputy Chairman

DAVID A. LINDNER          

London, United Kingdom

Deputy Chairman

JACK WOLF                       

Miami, U.S.A.

Treasurer

BRUNO STERN                  

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Secretary

ERICO STERN                   

Montevideo, Uruguay

 

WOLF FOUNDATION COUNCIL

 

Chairperson

Professor YULI TAMIR,
Minister of Education of
Israel

 

 

Members

Prof. MENAHEM ALEXENBERG,
Departments of Social Sciences and  Architecture,
College of Judea and Samaria
Dr. NAIM ARAIDI,

Humanistic Studies, Gordon College, Haifa

 

Prof. ABRAHAM BEN-REUVEN,
School of Chemistry, Tel-Aviv University

 

Mrs.  DINA BERNIKER,
Bar-Ilan University

 

Prof. YEHUDITH BIRK,
Faculty of Agriculture,
Hebrew University of Jerusalem

 

Prof. ARON DOTAN,
Faculty of Humanities,
Tel-Aviv University

Prof. BERTINA FISHER,

Faculty of Physics, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology

Mrs. RAYA JAGLOM,
Hon. Life President, World WIZO, Tel Aviv
Dr..HANNAH KANETY,

Endocrine Laboratory, Sheba Medical CenterTel-Hashomer. 

 

Mr. JOSHUA NEEMAN,
Lawyer,
Ramat Gan

Dr. ZALMAN SHOVAL,

Lauder School of Government, Diplomacy and Strategy, Herzlia

Prof. HAVA TABENKIN,

Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Prof. MINA TEICHER,
Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University

 

Prof. ARIE VARDI, 
Rubin
Academy of Music, Tel-Aviv University

 

Internal Auditing Committee 

 NECHEMIA MELECH, CPA

Internal Auditor:    JOSEPH FEUCHTWANGER, CPA


Director General:   YARON E. GRUDER, CPA

Secretary:             ESTI  WEITZ



历届化学奖获得者

http://www.wolffund.org.il/wolf4.html
http://www.wolffund.org.il/cat.asp?id=15&cat_title=CHEMISTRY
CHEMISTRY
 
2006/7

THE 2006/7 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

The Prize Committee for Chemistry has unanimously decided that the 2006/7 Wolf Prize be jointly awarded to

Ada Yonath
Weizmann Institute of Science
Rehovot, Israel

and
George Feher
University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, California, U.S.A.

for ingenious structural discoveries of the ribosomal machinery of peptide-bond formation and the light-driven primary processes in photosynthesis.

Click Here For Full Description

Ada Yonath
1939, Israel
George Feher
1924, Czechoslovakia
 
 
2005

THE 2005 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Richard N. Zare
Stanford University
Stanford, California, U.S.A.

for his ingenious applications of laser techniques, for identifying complex mechanisms in molecules, and their use in analytical chemistry.

Click Here For Full Description

Richard N. Zare
1939, USA
 
 
2004

THE 2004 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Harry B. Gray
California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, California, U.S.A.

for pioneering work in bio-inorganic chemistry, unravelling novel principles of structure and long-range electron transfer in proteins.

Click Here For Full Description

Harry B. Gray
1935, USA
 
 
2001

THE 2001 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Henri B. Kagan
University Paris-South
Paris, France

Ryoji Noyori
Nagoya University
Nagoya, Japan

K. Barry Sharpless
The Scripps Research Institute
La Jolla, California, U.S.A.

for their pioneering, creative and crucial work in developing asymmetric catalysis for the synthesis of chiral molecules, greatly increasing mankind磗 ability to create new products of fundamental and practical importance.

Click Here For Full Description

Henri B. Kagan
1930, France
Ryoji Noyori
1938, Japan
K. Barry Sharpless
1941, USA
 
 
2000

THE 2000 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

F. Albert Cotton
Texas A&M University
College Station, Texas, U.S.A.

for opening up an entirely new phase of transition metal chemistry based on pairs and clusters of metal atoms directly linked by single or multiple bonds.

Click Here For Full Description

F. Albert Cotton
1930-2007, USA
 
 
1999

THE 1999 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Raymond U. Lemieux
University of Alberta
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

for his fundamental and seminal contributions to the study and synthesis of oligosaccharides and to the elucidation of their role in molecular recognition in biological systems.

Click Here For Full Description

Raymond U. Lemieux
1920 -2000, Canada
 
 
1998

THE 1998 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Gerhard Ertl
Fritz Haber Institute, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Berlin, Germany

Gabor A. Somorjai
University of California,
and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
Berkeley, California, U.S.A.

for their outstanding contributions to the field of the surface science in general and for their elucidation of fundamental mechanisms of heterogeneous catalytic reactions at single crystal surface in particular.

Click Here For Full Description

Gerhard Ertl
1936, Germany
Gabor A. Somorjai
1935, Hungary
 
 
1995/6

THE 1995/6 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Gilbert Stork
Columbia University
New York, N.Y., U.S.A.

Samuel J. Danishefsky
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,
and Columbia University,
New York, N.Y., U.S.A.

for designing and developing novel chemical reactions which have opened new avenues to the synthesis of complex molecules, particularly polysaccharides and many other biologically and medicinally important compounds.

Click Here For Full Description

Gilbert Stork
1921, Belgium
Samuel J. Danishefsky
1936, USA
 
 
1994/5

THE 1994/5 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Richard A. Lerner
Scripps Research Institute
La Jolla, California, U.S.A.

Peter G. Schultz
University of California
Berkeley, California, U.S.A.

for converting antibodies into enzymes, thus permitting the catalysis of chemical reactions considered impossible to achieve by classical chemical procedures.

Click Here For Full Description

Richard A. Lerner
1938, USA
Peter G. Schultz
1956, USA
 
 
1993

THE 1993 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Ahmed H. Zewail
California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, California, U.S.A.

for pioneering the development of laser femtochemistry. Using lasers and molecular beams, femtochemistry has made it now possible to probe the evolution of chemical reactions as they actually happen in real time.

Click Here For Full Description

Ahmed H. Zewail
1946, Egypt
 
 
1992

THE 1992 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

John A. Pople
Carnegie-Mellon University
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.

for his outstanding contributions to theoretical chemistry, particularly in developing effective and widely used modern quantum-chemical methods.

Click Here For Full Description

John A. Pople
1925, UK2004, USA
 
 
1991

THE 1991 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Richard R. Ernst
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)
Zurich, Switzerland

for his revolutionary contributions to NMR spectroscopy, especially Fourier-transform and two-dimensional NMR.

Alexander Pines
University of California
Berkeley, California, U.S.A.

for his revolutionary contributions to NMR spectroscopy, especially multiple-quantum and high-spin NMR.

Click Here For Full Description

Richard R. Ernst
1933, Switzerland
Alexander Pines
1945, Israel
 
 
1989

THE 1989 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Duilio Arigoni
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)
Zurich, Switzerland

Alan R. Battersby
University of Cambridge
Cambridge, United Kingdom

for their fundamental contributions to the elucidation of the mechanism of enzymic reactions and of the biosynthesis of natural products, in particular the pigments of life.

Click Here For Full Description

Duilio Arigoni
1928, Switzerland
Alan R. Battersby
1925, UK
 
 
1988

THE 1988 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Joshua Jortner
Tel Aviv University
Tel Aviv, Israel

Raphael D. Levine
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Jerusalem, Israel

for their incisive theoretical studies elucidating energy acquisition and disposal in molecular systems and mechanisms for dynamical selectivity and specificity.

Click Here For Full Description

Joshua Jortner
1933, Poland
Raphael D. Levine
1938, Egypt
 
 
1987

THE 1987 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Sir David C. Phillips
University of Oxford
Oxford, United Kingdom

David M. Blow
Imperial College of Science and Technology
London, United Kingdom

for their contributions to protein X-ray crystallography and to the elucidation of structures of enzymes and their mechanisms of action.

Click Here For Full Description

Sir David C. Phillips
1924 -1999, UK
David M. Blow
1931 -2004, UK
 
 
1986

THE 1986 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Elias J. Corey
Harvard University
Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

for outstanding research on the synthesis of many highly complex natural products and the demonstration of novel ways of thinking about such syntheses.

Albert Eschenmoser
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)
Zurich, Switzerland

for outstanding research on the synthesis, stereochemistry and reaction mechanisms for formation of natural products, specially Vitamin-B12.

Click Here For Full Description

Elias J. Corey
1928, USA
Albert Eschenmoser
1925, Switzerland
 
 
1984/5

THE 1984/5 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Rudolph A. Marcus
California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, California, U.S.A.

for his contributions to chemical kinetics, specially the theories of unimolecular reactions and electron transfer reactions.


Click Here For Full Description

Rudolph A. Marcus
1923, Canada
 
 
1983/4

THE 1983/4 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Herbert S. Gutowsky
University of Illinois
Urbana, Illinois, U.S.A.

for his pioneering work in the development and applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in chemistry.

Harden M. McConnell
Stanford University
Stanford, California, U.S.A.

for his studies of the electronic structure of molecules through paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and for the introduction and biological applications of spin label techniques.

John S. Waugh
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

for his fundamental theoretical and experimental contributions to high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in solids.

Click Here For Full Description

Herbert S. Gutowsky
1919 -2000, USA
Harden M. McConnell
1927, USA
John S. Waugh
1929, USA
 
 
1982

THE 1982 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

John C. Polanyi
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada

for his studies of chemical reactions in unprecedented detail by developing the infrared chemiluminiscence technique, and for envisaging the chemical laser.

George C. Pimentel
University of California
Berkeley, California, U.S.A.

for development of matrix isolation spectroscopy and for the discovery of photodissociation lasers and chemical lasers.

Click Here For Full Description

John C. Polanyi
1929, Germany
George C. Pimentel
1922 -1989, USA
 
 
1981

THE 1981 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Joseph Chatt
University of Sussex
Brighton, United Kingdom

for pioneering and fundamental contributions to synthetic transition metal chemistry, particularly transition metal hydrides and dinitrogen complexes.

Click Here For Full Description

Joseph Chatt
1914 -1994, UK
 
 
1980

THE 1980 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Henry Eyring
University of Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A.

for his development of absolute rate theory and its imaginative applications to chemical and physical processes.

Click Here For Full Description

Henry Eyring
1901, Mexico -1981, USA
 
 
1979

THE 1979 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Herman F. Mark
Polytechnic Institute of New York
New York, N.Y., U.S.A.

for his contributions to understanding the structure and behavior of natural and synthetic polymers.

Click Here For Full Description

Herman F. Mark
1895, Austria -1992, USA
 
 
1978

THE 1978 WOLF FOUNDATION PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY

Carl Djerassi
Stanford University
Stanford, California, U.S.A.

for his work in bioorganic chemistry, application of new spectroscopic techniques, and his support of international cooperation.

Click Here For Full Description

Carl Djerassi
1923, Austria


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