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http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3913-1228752.html
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.106173
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405830020302780
For the determination of pH value at the point of zero charge of modified biochar, 50 ml 0.1 M NaCl solution was added into a series of 100 ml capped glass tubes. The initial pH (pHi) of solutions was adjusted between 2 and 11 by the addition of 0.1 M HCl or 0.1 M NaOH. After pH adjustment, 0.05 g modified biochar was added to the solutions and suspension was shaken with a speed of 120 rpm at 22 ± 1 °C. After 24 h, the solutions were filtered by 0.45 μm cellulose acetate membrane filters (Sartorius AG) and final pH (pHf) of the filtrates were measured. The difference between the initial and final pH values (ΔpH = pHi − pHf) was plotted versus pHi. The pH at which ΔpH = 0 is as pH value at the point of zero charge (Hafshejani et al., 2015, Tangsir et al., 2016).
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001868609000827
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