博文
论文：基于遥感蒸发模型的干旱区灌区灌溉效率评价
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论文链接：http://www.tcsae.org/nygcxb/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20132014&flag=1
蒋磊，杨雨亭，尚松浩. 基于遥感蒸发模型的干旱区灌区灌溉效率评价. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(20): 95-101 | ||||||||
| 基于遥感蒸发模型的干旱区灌区灌溉效率评价 | ||||||||
| Evaluation on irrigation efficiency of irrigation district in arid region based on evapotranspiration estimated from remote sensing data | ||||||||
| 投稿时间： 2013-06-26 最后修改时间： 2013-09-11 | ||||||||
| 中文关键词: 灌溉,遥感,蒸发,灌溉水有效利用系数,灌溉效率评价,灌区,干旱区 | ||||||||
| 英文关键词:irrigation remote sensing evapotranspiration coefficient of irrigation water effective utilization irrigation efficiency assessment irrigation district arid region | ||||||||
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2011BAD25B05），国家自然科学基金项目（51279077） | ||||||||
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| 中文摘要: | ||||||||
| 为评价干旱区灌区的灌溉效率，该文以作物生长期灌溉地的蒸散发扣除降水量作为灌溉水的有效利用量，将灌溉水有效利用量与灌溉净引水量（总引水量减去退、排水量）的比值定义为灌溉水有效利用系数。利用遥感蒸散发模型可以较为准确地估算灌溉地蒸散发，从而可以避免传统灌溉水利用系数评估中难以准确估算通过灌溉到达作物根系层水量的问题。以河套灌区为研究对象，利用遥感蒸散发模型（surface energy balance algorithm for land，SEBAL）计算了区域内灌溉地作物生育期的蒸散发量，并结合降水量与净引水量的观测资料，对节水改造以来（2000－2010年）河套灌区灌溉水有效利用系数进行了分析和评价。结果表明，灌溉水有效利用系数近年来有增加趋势，同时灌溉水有效利用系数随降水量和净引水量的减小而增大，减少供水对灌溉水有效利用系数的影响要大于灌区节水改造工程的影响。另一方面，在灌区净引水量减少的情况下，灌溉地蒸发量能够维持在较稳定的水平，反映了近年来灌区节水改造的效果较好。 | ||||||||
| 英文摘要: | ||||||||
| Abstract: To evaluate the irrigation efficiency of irrigation districts in arid regions where crop growth relies heavily on irrigation, a new evaluation indicator, coefficient of irrigation water effective utilization, was proposed. The difference of evapotranspiration and precipitation in irrigated land during the crop growing season was considered as the effective use of irrigation water, and the ratio of effective use of irrigation water and net water diversion to the irrigation district was defined as the coefficient of irrigation water effective utilization (ηe). With the development of a remote sensing evapotranspiration technique in recent decades, spatial and temporal variations of evapotranspiration can be estimated with acceptable precision. Then ηe can easily be estimated from evapotranspiration and measured precipitation and net water diversion, which can avoid the difficulties of accurate measurement or simulation of irrigation water stored in the crop root zone in a traditional irrigation water use efficiency evaluation. A case study in the Hetao irrigation district in North China was carried out to estimate the coefficient of irrigation water effective utilization throughout the period 2000-2010 based on remote sensing evapotranspiration data calculated by the SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) model, meteorological data, and water diversion data. Results indicated that ηe tends to increase with the implementation of water-saving irrigation projects. ηe varied from 0.547 to 0.715 during 2000―2010 and ηe decreased with precipitation and net water diversion. The correlation coefficients between ηe and precipitation, and ηe and net water diversion were -0.32 and -0.57, respectively. Moreover, ηe was estimated under different precipitation and water diversion schemes after water-saving irrigation projects. Results indicated that the reduction of water diversion had a greater effect than the water-saving irrigation projects on ηe. However, water consumption in irrigated land kept at a relatively stable level although water diversion tended to decrease in recent years, which showed the good performance of water-saving irrigation projects. |
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