(http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/File:Glen_Wade.jpg)

　  李小文先生在美国求学期间，前后有过紧密交往导师级人物大致有三位。除硕士段第１导师Simonett教授、博士导师Strahler外，实际上受教较多的还有美国声学断层成像的权威Glen Wade教授。

　　李小文先生的长期合作者，也可能是弟子的王锦地撰写的简短官方传记中只提到“1979年到达美国加州大学圣巴巴拉攻读遥感专业博士学位，师从美国著名遥感地理学家Simonett及Strahler教授。......(他通过选课）认识了终生难忘的一位导师Glen Wade教授，是当时美国声学断层成像的权威。......1981年李小文的硕士论文出炉了。Simonett及Strahler教授看了很兴奋，认为很有创意，稍加完善就是一篇很有份量的作品。这就是后来所谓有Li-Strahler模型的雏形。1985年他取得学位的同时发表了他的博士论文”。

   小文先生在回忆中明确指出：“Wade教授的大师风范，始终是我学习的榜样。”（http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-2984-20778.html）可惜，由于小文先生在荣誉与宣传方面一贯低调等原因，未能留下他与几位大师级人物交往的更多细节。

   不过，一时之间，网络上似乎难以搜到太多关于Glen Wade的信息。

附1：http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-2984-20778.html

                                            人有病，天知否？－ 再谈病态反演

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　李小文 2008-4-6 23:48　

　　...黄老邪当年刚到美国的时候，上Glen Wade教授的课，讲多角度断层成像。讲义中用来说明这个概念的例子是这样的：假定A11，A12，A21，A22，4个像元排成两行两列，水平投影过去，能得到A1＝A11＋A12；A2＝A21＋A22。换一个角度，垂直投影下来，能得到B1＝A11＋A21和B2＝A12＋A22。这样，用4个观测量A1、A2、B1、B2，就能解出A11等4个未知量。

   Wade是权威老教授，4个方程解4个未知数，讲了几年，没人怀疑这个说法。黄老邪出剑快，当堂就剑指命门，曰：A1＋A2－B1＝B2；第四个观测不是独立的。三个独立方程解不出4个未知数。此话一出，满座俱惊。Wade教授毕竟一派宗师，略一沉吟，连曰：ill-posed, ill-posed。看我不懂这个单词，换个说法：underdetermined。Wade教授后来修改了他的讲义，到处致谢，跨系聘我作了他的RA。我毕业离校时，还专门设宴欢送。宴会上Wade教授致辞说，这次破例欢送李先生，是因为两件事他感触特深：一件就是那个欠定方程组，我不惧权威，能独立思考。另一件事就是我表现出对弱者的关怀。这件事大概是这样的，一位台湾公费生，研究做得不够好，到公费期满，论文还出不来，Wade教授以研究生经费已经花光了为由，拒绝给他资助，因此他无法在暑期继续完成论文。我觉得部分原因是我跨系抢了别人的机会，差几个月拿不到学位也够惨的。所以我找Wade教授开后门，把我的暑期全奖分一半给那位台湾同学。

   Wade教授指出，“不惧权威”和“同情弱者”同为形成一个好的科研团队的必要条件，希望课题组所有的同学都学习李先生，所以才破例欢送，请大家搓一顿。

   好汉不提当年勇，我一般避免在网上自吹自擂。这次破例不避嫌，一是Wade教授的大师风范，始终是我学习的榜样，我讲错了，从来欢迎同学拍砖；二是说明“病态”（ill－posed，ill－conditioned）这个词我怎么学会的，不是我的创新。病态反演，指因种种原因观测信息量不足时的反演。如果大家实在不喜欢这个词，欢迎建议个更好的。

附2：http://special.univs.cn/service/bupt/buptjiaoshi/2013/0917/989370.shtml

　　1985年，（蔡安妮）夫妇俩再次赴美深造，自费公派攻读博士学位。他们的导师是国际著名的图像技术专家，加利福尼亚大学的Glen Wade教授。Wade教授在国际学术界享有极高的知名度，曾长期担任世界著名杂志电子电气工程师学会会刊（IEEE Proceeding）的主编。导师的威望和渊博的学识给他们创造了良好的学习环境。

　　蔡安妮在国外修习了近20门课程，打下了坚厚的基础。在导师的指导下，蔡安妮参与了多项科研的攻关。蔡安妮关于“非线性声参量衍射CT”方面的成果在IEEE Trans获得刊印；关于“雷达目标模型化”的成果，则以加州大学电机系内部报告的形式送交美国海军。蔡安妮夫妇还联名在国外的杂志上和国际会议上发表了10余篇论文。

　　蔡安妮在国外就读的是计算机通信专业，属热门专业，美国人才需求很大，很多大公司都到学校要人，导师也主动为蔡安妮夫妇推荐工作。他们俩留在美国将必定会拿到高薪，过着优裕的生活。当时在美国毕业的留学生几乎都留在了国外。同学们劝他们：“机会难得，应该留在美国。”是去，还是留，蔡安妮夫妇陷入深思中：“留下，生活待遇国内自不能比，但终究还是为人家做事，总有一种不是在自己家里的感觉，物质上的优裕必然会以精神上的、人际间的压力为代价。况且，国内现在改革开放，正是缺人用人之际，许多外国公司都到中国寻求机会，而作为中国人，还有什么犹豫呢？”当他们最终确定回国时，很多人都不相信，而蔡安妮教授的导师Wade教授却理解蔡安妮的心情，不无敬佩地说：““你们是中国的好公民！”。

......

   蔡安妮夫妇在科研领域敢于挑战权威，勇于创新。国际著名光学专家R.Mittra教授的一篇关于菲涅尔环带聚焦特性的论文，被作为经典性的文献，广泛引用了20多年。而他们二人却发现，R.Mittra的结论有些地方是不精确的，有的则是错误的。在经过严密谨慎的论证后，他们将正确的理论分析和计算结果在美国光学杂志予以发表，美、英、法、德等国家众多教授、学者纷纷致函，对他们的论文给予高度评价。该论文于1997年被收入SPIE半个世纪内（从1950年算起）关于环带方面的里程碑文献集（Milestone Book）。

  在蔡安妮教授几十年如一日的工作中，她时刻“把工作和生存本身当作一种娱乐”，忙碌不息。她把自己的本职工作看作是生活中最快乐的事情，即使是在最苦最累的情况下，她也总是保持着一种积极乐观的态度。在这看似平常的生活态度中，饱含着的深刻的智慧、强烈的责任心与鉴定的意志力，充分体现了蔡安妮教授巨大的人格魅力和精神力量。

   在学术理论方面，蔡教授以基础扎实、思考缜密、作风严谨而著称。她和孙景鳌教授在国外读书时，常常为讨论一个专业问题忘记用餐。多年后，两位教授回忆起当时的情况还捧腹不止。在他俩为美国光学杂志SPIE Milestone Book（里程碑文献集）撰写论文时，孙教授半夜叫醒蔡教授讨论问题，真可谓达到了废寝忘食的境地。

   在繁忙的教学工作之余，蔡安妮教授还笔耕不辍。她及其所领导的实验室已在IEEE Transactions、美国光学学报、电子学报、通信学报等国内、外刊物和国际会议上发表论文70余篇，出版专著、译著7部。她与孙景鳌教授在1991年的美国光学杂志（J.Opt.Soc.Am.A）上发表的论文 “Archaic Focusing Properties of Fresnel Zone Plates”，于1996年被选入国际光学工程协会（SPIE）的 Milestone Book Selected Papers on Zone Plates（Vol.MS128）。

附3：http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Oral-History:Glen_Wade

（Wade接受访谈,比较长，超出博文最大长度，需看全文者请点击链接前往）

                   Oral-History:Glen Wade  

Glen Wade decided to pursue electronics and engineering as a way to contribute to the World War II effort. With the escalation of the war, Wade interrupted his studies at the University of Utah to enlist in the Navy. Assigned as an electronics officer, Wade underwent electronics training at Bowdoin College, Harvard, and MIT, in addition to training with the Naval Air Corps. Discharged in 1946, he received his bachelor’s degree from the University of Utah in 1948 and a master's degree the following year. Wade then worked at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Stanford (where he receoved his PhD in 1954), GE, Raytheon, Harvard, and Cornell.  Wade's career at UC Santa Barbara began in 1966, and he consulted at Zenith from 1954 to 1974. His professional service includes editoriships at the Journal of Quantum Electronics (1963-65), Transactions on Electron Devices (1961-71), and Proceedings(1977-80). In addition, Wade was a member of the IEEE Executive Committee (1969-70). A UCSB professor emeritus at the time of this 2000 interview, Wade continued to participate in professional activities and to teach at the University of Guanajuato in Mexico, where he mentored graduate students.

In this interview, Wade considers the influence of some of his most notable inventions and projects. Topics include traveling wave tubes, the parametric amplifier, the quadropole amplifier (Adler tube), ultrasonics, acoustic imaging, the acoustic microscope, ultrascopic imaging, and acoustic holography. Wade describes his experiences in teaching and management, and he describes the publication philosophies he implemented as an editor of IEEE publications.

About the Interview

GLEN WADE:An Interview Conducted by David Morton, IEEE History Center, 4 June 2000

Interview #397 for the IEEE History Center, The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Copyright Statement

This manuscript is being made available for research purposes only. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to the IEEE History Center. No part of the manuscript may be quoted for publication without the written permission of the Director of IEEE History Center.

Request for permission to quote for publication should be addressed to the IEEE History Center Oral History Program, IEEE History Center at Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA or ieee-history@ieee.org. It should include identification of the specific passages to be quoted, anticipated use of the passages, and identification of the user.

It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows:

Glen Wade, an oral history conducted in 2000 by David Morton, IEEE History Center, Hoboken, NJ, USA.

Interview

Interview: Glen Wade

Morton: David Morton

Date: 4 June 2000

Place: Santa Barbara, California

Childhood and education

Morton:

Would you tell me a little about your childhood and what led you in the direction of becoming an engineer?

Wade:

My wife tells it much better than I do. My father was a topnotch lawyer and Supreme Court Justice for the State of Utah who eventually became the Chief Justice. I was going to follow in his footsteps and get a law degree. But then Pearl Harbor happened. I had always enjoyed math, engineering, English, and particularly science in high school and college. With the war on, I gradually changed what I was doing including my program of study, deciding to get into engineering. I perceived it as being the best way I could contribute.

I was able to get into an engineering curriculum in early 1943 at the University of Utah. I was in it for about a year when our dean told us the war was escalating and study deferments would be problematic. This was in the spring of '44 when the invasion of Europe was the major effort.

Naval service and training

Wade:

There were forty-nine students in this study program. Dean Taylor advised us all to go down together to the U.S. Navy Recruiting Office and volunteer. We took his advice. It's almost unbelievable, but all of us passed the physical exam and were inducted at the same time. A few days later we were sent to the Great Lakes Naval Boot Camp in Chicago and became members of the same boot-camp company. It was a very good company, there being several good athletes and superior students in the group. All of us became electronic personnel in the Navy.

I applied for Officers Training and got sent to Notre Dame. In a few months I graduated, commissioned as an Ensign. After that I was assigned as an electronics officer to go to Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine, to continue in electronics training. Bowdoin was and still is a good school with excellent professors. There were also some good students in that group. As I remember, Cal Quate, eventually to come close to Nobel Laureate status, was one of them. He later invented a number of things including the Scanning Acoustic Microscope and the Atomic Force Microscope. He is presently at Stanford.

While in Brunswick, I got married to LaRee Bailey who flew out to Maine from Salt Lake City. A Navy Chaplain performed the wedding and we went down the aisle under crossed swords. It was a great experience.

While we were at Bowdoin, President Roosevelt died. I guess that was in April '45. Hope I am remembering all of this correctly. Following that, I went for further training in the Naval Air Corps. Cal Quate and I, along with others, went to Boston and got further training at Harvard and MIT. When I got out of all of that training I knew quite a bit about electronics. All these programs, starting at the University of Utah before enlistment, were fascinating to me. I didn't want to go back into pursuing a career in law.

Morton:

Was this training for anything specific?

Wade:

We had to pass what was called the Eddy Test in those days. It was a test designed to determine whether a student was qualified to learn more about these things. And the instruction was very good. The textbooks used were great, written by first-rate physicists and other technologists who really knew the material. But the training was specifically directed toward learning about naval electronic systems.

Morton:

Was the training similar to what one would get at engineering school?

Wade:

Essentially, but with the specific orientation I have described. It was like taking a college course with only one complicated subject. After the war and after being discharged, I returned to the University of Utah in '46 and spent two years getting a bachelor's degree plus one more for a master's in electrical engineering.

Naval Research Laboratory; traveling wave tube

Wade:

Following that I went to the Naval Research Laboratory for a job as an electronic scientist that I really enjoyed.

Morton:

Was that a laboratory near Washington?

Wade:

Yes, near Andrews Air Force Base. It was and is a very good place to work. Both of my bosses there - Walt Weedman and Hank Wiedemann - were fine collaborators to associate with as well as good scientists. My first daughter, Kathy, was born while we were there. We were actually living in Alexandria, Virginia, a very attractive town.

Morton:

How does it compare with Santa Barbara.

Wade:

Well, Santa Barbara is my all-time favorite place. Kathy lives down the road a bit in San Diego where she is a real estate agent. Two other daughters live elsewhere in California and the fourth in Montana. But I still like Santa Barbara. I'm close to having lived the Biblical fourscore years. Each day beyond that is a bonus. I think that if I live another fifteen years I'll be very, very lucky. I want to do that, because every day is an enjoyable day for me. I've got two fine German Shepherds that I take down to the beach in the mornings. I usually jog about four and a half miles with them. Exercise gives me a high. I don't need drugs. When I come back from the beach, everything looks beautiful to me.

But Santa Barbara came late in the game. The move to the Naval Research Laboratory was first. That's where I started to learn about high-frequency tubes. At NRL, some of my work involved traveling-wave tubes. The research in that area at that time was hot and heavy. By now it has pretty much died down, though there are still a couple of places. Dick Grow, a former Stanford student presently a professor at the University of Utah, still has projects ongoing on high-frequency tubes. When I was there a couple of years ago to get an award, I said to Dick, "You are probably the only one in the world right now working on that, aren't you?" He said no, pointing out that there was still some work at the University of Michigan in that area. Joe Rowe used to do tube research at Michigan and was very good.

Morton:

Are you referring to traveling wave tubes or electron tubes in general?

Wade:

High-frequency, high-power tubes in general. I guess the NSF picked a couple of places to continue that work. Stanford had been the leading place. MIT also did marvelous work in that area. Those were the two biggest places for it.

Morton:

It sounds like the traveling wave tube had already been invented when you were at the Naval Research Lab.

Wade:

Yes. I think Rudy Kompfner was the inventor. I would guess he invented it around 1941. He was originally from Hungary and a great, marvelous guy. He was at Bell Labs and then later went to Stanford and became a professor there. I’ve lost track of these guys because I moved out of that area. He was at Stanford for quite a while with Cal Quade, who got a tenured position there. Chapin Cutler also went to Stanford for a while. Chap was Assistant Editor of the Transactions on Electron Devices during much of the time I was Editor.

Employment history

Wade:

During the 1950's after working at NRL, I went to Stanford first as student and then got a tenured associate professorship there. But I left in 1960 to work at Raytheon in the Boston area as Director of Engineering in its Tube Division and later as Assistant General Manager of its Research Division. Around 1963 or '64 I also was asked to teach a semester-long tube course at Harvard. For a few months, I spent half my time at Harvard teaching and the other half at Raytheon mostly in administration. Almost immediately I saw that I liked Harvard better. When I got an offer from Cornell - a distinguished professorship with an endowed chair plus head of my department - I decided to take it. But my family never liked Ithaca feeling that Boston and especially California had better climates. In addition, I didn't like the administration part of what I was doing at Cornell and I wasn't very good at it. However, Ithaca is very beautiful. We had a five-acre lot with a waterfall that was about 1,000 feet from Lake Cayuga. The scenery was gorgeous but the weather was not. It couldn't compete with California.

Ph.D. studies, Stanford

Morton:

Let's back up to the Naval Research Lab days. What exactly were you doing there?

Wade:

Among other things, my job as an electronic scientist involved dealing with traveling wave tubes and I became very interested in that and in knowing more about tubes. Lester M. Field, who was one of the shining lights in that area, was at Stanford. So I applied there for graduate school and got admitted.

Hank Weidemann was against my leaving NRL. He told me, "You're making a big salary here." I remember my salary. It was $3,737 per year, and to me it was indeed tremendous. I said, "That's true." Then later after we had our daughter Kathy, who was born in George Washington Hospital, Hank said, "You won't be able to support a family as a student at Stanford." I said, "Well, I'm going to try anyway." But I got scholarships and for my first year at Stanford I took home $5,200 - a big increase.

Morton:

That is a big increase.

Wade:

I got several fellowships there, one an RCA Fellowship. Lester M. Field was my thesis advisor. He eventually went to Hughes Aircraft and became director of their Malibu laboratory. He was a great guy and an excellent teacher. He knew as much about traveling wave tubes as almost anyone else in the world including Rudy Kompfner.

......