Metronidazole

国际站：Metronidazole

中文名：甲硝唑

CAS：443-48-1

品牌：MedChemExpress (MCE)

存储条件：4°C, protect from light

生物活性：甲硝唑是一种具有口服活性的硝基咪唑类抗生素。甲硝唑可穿过血脑屏障。甲硝唑可用于厌氧菌感染的研究^[1][2][3][4] . 

体外：甲硝唑对厌氧原生动物阴道毛滴虫、溶组织内阿米巴、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫和大肠杆菌^{显示出抑制活性[1]}.Metronidazole (4-8 μg/mL) 抑制厌氧菌并表现出良好的杀菌活性^[1].Metronidazole (0.1 μg/mL -0.01 mg/mL; 12-96 h) 在 Blastocystis sp^[2] 中诱导颗粒形成并触发细胞凋亡。

体内：Metronidazole (135 mg/kg/d; po; 28 d) 可透过血脑屏障，在大鼠长期给药下表现出神经毒性^[3]。Metronidazole (1 g/ L; po; 4 weeks)导致骨骼肌萎缩并改变参与肌肉外周昼夜节律机制和代谢调节的基因表达^[4].

参考文献：[1]. Scully BE. Metronidazole. Med Clin North Am. 1988 May;72(3):613-21.[2]. Dhurga DB, et al. Granular Formation during Apoptosis in Blastocystis sp. Exposed to Metronidazole (MTZ). PLoS One. 2016 Jul 29;11(7):e0155390.[3]. Chaturvedi S, et al. Mechanistic exploration of quercetin against metronidazole induced neurotoxicity in rats: Possible role of nitric oxide isoforms and inflammatory cytokines. Neurotoxicology. 2020 Jul;79:1-10.[4]. Manickam R, et al. Metronidazole Causes Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Modulates Muscle Chronometabolism. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Aug 16;19(8):2418.