中国科学院近代物理研究所生物医学中心医学物理研究室研究成果

Article title: Assessment of the induced radioactivity in the treatment room of the heavy‑ion medical machine in Wuwei using PHITS

文章标题：使用PHITS评估武威HIMM装置治疗室中的感生放射性

DOI: 10.1007/s41365-023-01181-8

PLS title 1: Low Radiation Exposure in Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy Treatment Rooms

PLS标题1：碳离子放射治疗室中的低辐射接触

PLS title 2: Evaluation of Induced Radioactivity in CIRT Treatment Rooms

PLS标题1：评估CIRT治疗室中的感生放射性

One sentence summary:

一句话概要：

A study on carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) evaluated the induced radioactivity in the treatment room, offering guidance for assessing induced radioactivity levels and radiation protection recommendations.

一项关于碳离子放射治疗（CIRT）的研究评估了治疗室中的感生放射性，为评估感生放射性水平和辐射防护建议提供了指导。

Keywords:

关键词：

Induced radioactivity, Monte Carlo, CIRT, PHITS

诱发放射性, 蒙特卡洛模拟，碳离子放射治疗（CIRT），PHITS

The Novelty (What)

This research provides a comprehensive analysis of induced radioactivity in a carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) treatment room, utilizing the Heavy-Ion Medical Machine (HIMM) in Wuwei as a case study. By employing Monte Carlo simulations with PHITS, the study evaluates the activation of air, phantom, and various components of the beamline, delivering valuable insights into radiation protection for medical staff and patients’ family. The main findings reveal that external radiation caused by air activation is the primary source of the annual effective dose at approximately 0.5 mSv/y, while induced radioactivity exposure to family members after CIRT remains low at around 40 μSv. These results offer guidance for assessing induced radioactivity levels in CIRT treatment rooms, as well as radiation protection recommendations for medical staff and equipment decommissioning. This novel approach paves the way for future improvements in safety and efficacy of CIRT.

本研究对碳离子放射治疗（CIRT）治疗室中的感生放射性进行了全面分析，以武威的HIMM装置为案例。使用PHITS进行蒙特卡洛模拟，该研究评估了空气、模体和束线各部分的活化情况，为医务人员和患者家属的辐射防护提供了宝贵的见解。主要发现表明，空气活化引起的外部辐射是年有效剂量的主要来源，约为0.5 mSv/y，而患者家属在CIRT治疗后接触感生放射性的剂量较低，约为40 μSv。这些结果为评估CIRT治疗室中的感生放射性水平以及医务人员和设备退役的辐射防护提供了指导。这种新颖的方法为CIRT的安全性和有效性的未来改进铺平了道路。

The Background (Why)

Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) has emerged as a crucial tool in cancer treatment due to its superior physical and biological advantages compared to traditional photon radiotherapy. It is more destructive to the target volume while being less injurious to surrounding healthy tissues. However, concerns have been raised about the radiation protection for medical staff and patients in the treatment room, as high-energy therapeutic carbon-ion beams can cause materials and devices in the CIRT treatment room to become radioactive. Past studies have not comprehensively assessed the induced radioactivity in CIRT treatment rooms, leaving a knowledge gap in understanding its potential risks and impact on radiation protection. Hence, this study aimed to provide a more systematic investigation of the induced radioactivity in the treatment room for CIRT using the Monte Carlo (MC) method. The research outputs are valuable in helping medical professionals formulate protection measures, ensuring safety during radiotherapy and quality assurance.

碳离子放射治疗（CIRT）由于其相对于传统光子放射治疗具有优越的物理和生物学优势，已成为癌症治疗的关键工具。它对靶区的破坏性较强，而对周围健康组织的损伤较小。高能治疗性碳离子束会导致CIRT治疗室内的材料和设备活化产生放射性，这使得治疗室内医务人员和患者的辐射防护问题值得关注。过去的研究并未全面评估CIRT治疗室中的感生放射性，导致了在理解其潜在风险和辐射防护影响方面的知识空白。因此，本研究旨在使用蒙特卡洛（MC）方法对CIRT治疗室中的诱发放射性进行更系统的研究。研究成果对帮助医学专业人士制定保护措施，确保放射治疗期间的安全以及质量保证具有重要价值。

The SDG impact (Big Why)

According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, with nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. As the prevalence of CIRT grows, it is crucial to address potential radiation hazards for medical staff and additional unwanted doses for patients to ensure safe and effective treatments. It supports SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being by providing insights into induced radioactivity in CIRT treatment rooms. Furthermore, the research contributes to SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure by helping to optimize the operation of CIRT facilities, promoting technological advancements, and fostering innovation in cancer treatment methods.

根据世界卫生组织的数据，癌症是全球第二大死因，2020年死亡人数接近1000万。随着碳离子放射治疗（CIRT）的普及，解决医务人员潜在的辐射危害和患者额外不必要剂量问题至关重要，以确保治疗的安全和有效。通过深入了解CIRT治疗室中的感生放射性，本研究支持了可持续发展目标3：健康与福祉。此外，通过优化CIRT设施的运行，促进技术进步，推动癌症治疗方法的创新，该研究还有助于实现可持续发展目标9：工业、创新和基础设施。