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现如今，随着全球食品供应链的日益全球化和复杂化，食品安全问题因其对整个生态系统的广泛污染及其对人类福祉的影响程度而备受关注。来自澳门大学中医药研究所、湖南中医药大学和四川省食品药品监督管理研究所的学者们在期刊eFood上发表了题为“Metal−Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Based Analytical Techniques for Food Safety Evaluation”的综述文章，研究了基于金属有机框架（MOFs）的食品安全评价分析技术。

要点介绍 

食品是人类生活中必不可少的一部分，然而近年来出现了很多食品安全问题。根据世界卫生组织的报告，世界上可能有200多种疾病都是由食物传播的，比如癌症。由于食品安全与所有人的健康和福祉密切相关，通过国家和国际层面的政策和法规制定，食品安全的重要性已得到越来越多的认可。

相应地，人们对检测甚至吸附食品中污染物的各种分析方法也进行了广泛的探索和研究。其中，金属有机骨架（MOFs）作为一种潜在的多功能传感材料，已被用于构建多种性能优异的传感平台，用于监测食品中的各种污染物，包括农药残留、重金属、真菌毒素等。

本文简要介绍了基于MOFs的传感技术的进展，并介绍了几种典型的传感平台在农药、重金属等污染物检测中的典型贡献。最后，我们评估和讨论了MOFs在食品污染物分析中的未来前景和挑战。

图1. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

图2. （A）沿Eu-MOF的c轴观察的三维（3D）网络结构。（B） 它的拓扑结构显示了（4，8）连通的三维框架。Eu-MOF在不同铬浓度的湖水（C）和海水（D）中的PL光谱。显示淬火过程的插图。Eu-MOF在不同阴离子（E）或阳离子（F）溶液中（激发波长为365nm）的发光照片。

研究结论：文章综述了近年来MOFs传感器的技术进展及其在农药残留、重金属等有毒物质检测中的具体应用。MOFs具有可修改的孔隙结构、大的表面积和高活性点密度等优点，成为食品污染传感平台开发的优良传感材料。特别是，新型MOF与其他功能材料结合，提高了传感性能，从而增强了其通用性。

MOF与分析物之间的电子传递是电化学检测方法的主要检测机制。同样，由于金属离子与MOF中特定部分或原子之间的强相互作用，在传感策略中也经常存在能量传递。此外，识别元件的修改和信号放大也被用于基于MOF的敏感和选择性检测。

MOF的应用有望克服主要由水不稳定性引起的一系列限制，从而提高其在水环境中的灵敏度、选择性和再现性。首先，通过更好地了解MOFs的功能，特别是开发适合于食品基质的MOF快速方法（如诊断试剂盒和条带），可以最大限度地优化和利用MOFs的功能优势，使其在食品工业中的应用得到更大的应用。其次，考虑到食品中存在多种污染物的可能性较大，设计了多功能MOF材料。第三，基于MOFs的检测平台的特异性有望提高，因为目前大多数MOF都无法从结构相似的农药家族中检测到特定的分析物。最后，希望开发出更多的多功能MOF材料，同时在食品中传感、捕获和去除目标分析物。

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原文信息

Y. Xue, Y. Peng, Z. Geng, Y. Wang, C. Oi Lam Un, H. Hu, "Metal−Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Based Analytical Techniques for Food Safety Evaluation", eFood, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/efood.k.210209.001; eISSN 2666-3066.

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