大师级数据分析，不仅模型设置和数据结构贴切合理，其结果呈现往往也颇具艺术性，反映了作者的审美境界。统计模型和制图的无缝对接和展示，会大大提升论文的清晰度和观赏性，让人观之如饮甘露，回味无穷。

    最近看到NEE上今年发表的一项研究，分析了温度和生物多样性对鸟类和鱼类群落稳定的不同影响。该研究分别在鸟类和鱼类中构建了甚为复杂的混合模型piecewise结构方程模型（SEM），对比了两种群落中作用路径的差别。其SEM结果描述和制图，虽然复杂，但非常清晰、明了，颇具艺术性！论文作者也提供了完整的数据和代码（下载地址：https://zenodo.org/records/12654292）非常值得学习、推荐！

SEM概念框架图：

鸟类和鱼类中的实际作用路径：

     尤其是是论文中对SEM相关参数结果意义的描述和说明，堪称样板级，比如对上图的描述：

a,b, Piecewise structural equation model showing the  direct and indirect effects of multiple abiotic and biotic drivers on  the stability of birds (Fisher’s C statistic from a two-sided test: C = 6.697, P = 0.35, d.f. = 6, n = 1,246) (a) and fish communities (Fisher’s C statistic from a two-sided test: C = 11.325, P = 0.079, d.f. = 6, n = 580) (b). In Fisher’s C statistics, a P value > 0.05 indicates a well-fitted model. Marginal r-square (r²_m) values showing variance explained by the fixed effects and conditional r-square (r²_c)  values showing variance explained by the entire model are provided  within the blue box related to the nearby variables. Solid black and red  lines represent significant (if P value < 0.05, a two-sided  test) positive and negative effects (standardized path coefficients are  rounded up to two decimal places), respectively, while dashed lines  indicate insignificant effects (if P value > 0.05, a two-sided  test), and yellow highlights represent paths hypothesized based on  statistical reason, not because of biological significance  (Supplementary Table 1 and Methods). The width of each solid arrow is proportional to the standardized path coefficients. c,  Path coefficients for both taxa are depicted as a bar chart, with an  asterisk sign (green for birds, blue for fish), if significant. Exact  values for path coefficients and associated P values are given in Supplementary Tables 2 and 3. The biotic and abiotic drivers in the x-axis text are shown in deep green and maroon, respectively.

文献来源：

Ghosh, S., B. Matthews, and O. L. Petchey. 2024. Temperature and biodiversity influence community stability differently in birds and fishes. Nature Ecology & Evolution 8:1835-1846.