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为了展现国内外在导电聚合物基热电材料研究领域的代表性成果,"Chinese Physics B"(CPB)编辑部邀请邓元、徐景坤、王雷三位老师担任客座编辑,组织了“Organic and Hybrid Thermoelectrics”专题,敬请关注!
编者按
|邓 元 教授 北京航空航天大学
|徐景坤 教授 江西科技师范大学
|王 雷 教授 深圳大学
20世纪70年代导电聚合物的发现打破了有机高分子是绝缘体的传统观念,掀起了聚合物半导体研究的热潮。导电聚合物具有共轭大π键结构,可形成离域π电子系统。此外,通过化学或电化学掺杂形成的孤子、极化子或双极化子等载流子在外场诱导下,能够通过在聚合物分子链内和链间跳跃进行传输。独特的载流子输运特性赋予了导电聚合物可调的物理和化学性能,从而可实现其新功能的开发和利用。热电材料是一种利用固体内部载流子运动实现热能和电能直接相互转换的功能材料,在空间电源、局域制冷等技术领域一直发挥着不可替代的作用。导电聚合物具有易于合成、结构性能丰富,电传输性能调控空间大等优势,尤其是导电聚合物具有较低的热导率,使其作为一类新型热电材料受到人们的广泛关注。此外,导电聚合物具有良好的机械和力学性能,在柔性可穿戴领域具有广泛的应用前景,已报道的导电聚合物室温ZT值超过0.4,可与无机热电材料形成良好互补。
导电聚合物具有准一维的分子结构,局域化的载流子在分子链内和链间的跳跃过程及其传输电荷的调控是决定其热电性能的关键。近年来,大量基于分子设计和能带工程的实验研究了掺杂效率和掺杂程度、分子链堆积排布与聚集态结构等对导电聚合物热电输运性质的影响,为探讨导电聚合物热电传输机理和性能优化提供了详实的依据。有机/无机杂化作为一种提高聚合物热电性能的有效方式,近年来备受关注。特别是近几年快速发展的有机/无机杂化材料多尺度结构调控方法和制备技术已被成功用于聚合物热电性能的优化,推动导电聚合物及其复合材料的热电性能快速提升。鉴于导电聚合物基热电材料研究已成为当前化学、物理和材料界研究人员关注的热点,我们认为集聚当前国内外最新研究进展并介绍给相关研究人员,对进一步丰富和拓展热电材料科学和热电转换技术的研究具有重要意义。
本专题收录了介绍导电聚合物及其杂化热电材料研究最新进展的4篇综述和6篇原始论文,研究内容涉及导电聚合物热电输运机理、新型分子结构设计、掺杂和调控策略、有机/无机多尺度复合热电材料和导电聚合物基热电转换器件的构筑和应用等。希望本专题能够对相关研究人员有所帮助和启示,一方面,推动导电聚合物基热电材料研究的发展和应用;另一方面,以面向国家重大需求为导向,进一步拓宽热电材料体系和器件应用场景,为国家新兴产业高质量发展提供参考。
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