Nat Biomed Engin：每天吃十字花科蔬菜（比如西蓝花）能有效预防结肠直肠癌！近日，Nature Biomedical Engineering发表了标题为“Engineered commensal microbes for diet-mediated colorectal-cancer chemoprevention” 研究论文！研究指出在经过遗传改造的大肠杆菌的帮助下（该大肠杆菌可以特异结合在结肠直肠癌细胞的硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖（heparan sulphate proteoglycan）上，使其分泌特殊酶类），每天吃十字花科蔬菜（如西蓝花，大白菜、小白菜等）可有效降低和预防结肠直肠癌。

硫代葡萄糖苷（glucosinolates，简称硫苷）被认为有一定的抗癌效果，有学者称十字花科蔬菜中的硫苷是目前所发现的抗癌效果最好的植物活性物质。该物质在十字花科蔬菜中广泛存在，比如在西兰花、芥蓝、大白菜、小白菜中等十字花科植物中都有较高的含量，在Nature Biomedical Engineering发表的这篇文章中，作者发现基因改造的大肠杆菌在外加硫苷时，通过分泌的黑芥子酶可以将硫苷转化成被广泛证明具有抗癌活性的1-异硫氰酸-4-甲磺酰基丁烷（sulphoraphane），可以抑制95%以上的小鼠和人类结直肠腺癌细胞系的增殖。详细内容请查阅原文：https://www.nature.com/natbiomedeng/。

Engineered commensal microbes fordiet-mediated colorectal-cancer chemoprevention

Abstract: Chemoprevention—the use of medication to prevent cancer—can be augmented by the consumption of produce enriched with natural metabolites. However, chemopreventive metabolites aretypically inactive and have low bioavail ability and poor host absorption. Here, we show that engineered commensal microbes can prevent carcinogenesis and promote the regression of colorectal cancer through a cruciferous vegetable diet. The engineered commensal Escherichia coli bound specifically to the heparan sulphate proteoglycan on colorectal cancer cells and secreted the enzyme myrosinase to transform host-ingested glucosinolates—natural components of cruciferous vegetables—to sulphoraphane, an organic small molecule with known anticancer activity. The engineered microbes coupled with glucosinolates resulted in>95% proliferation inhibition of murine, human and colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines in vitro. We also show that murine models of colorectal carcinomafed with the engineered microbes and the cruciferous vegetable diet displayed significant tumour regression and reduced tumour occurrence.